Dr. Carol L. Bender |
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Oklahoma State University College of Agriculture Entomology & Plant Pathology Agricultural Science and Natural Resources Regents ProfessorAppointed: 2001 |  |
Mailing Address127 Noble Research Center Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078United States | Contact Information |
Qualifications
Ph.D., University of California, Riverside, Plant Pathology, 1986.
M.S., Oregon State University, Plant Pathology, 1983.
B.S., Texas Tech University, Agronomy, 1978.
Expertise and Research Interests
One objective of my program is to use a genetic approach to study the biosynthesis, regulation, and mode of action of the phytotoxin coronatine in Pseudomonas syringae. Coronatine functions as a virulence factor in P. syringae and causes stunting, chlorosis, and hypertrophy of infected host tissue. Our rationale for studying this toxin is two-fold: (1) Coronatine is an important virulence factor in producing pathovars of P. syringae and (2) The structure of coronatine is quite unusual and requires coordinated synthesis of products from two unrelated biosynthetic pathways (polyketide and isoleucine). Our current research focuses on the activity of specific enzymes in the coronatine pathway, the regulatory circuits, which control coronatine production, and the mode of action for coronatine in different host plants. Our research on coronatine is part of an international, multidisciplinary collaboration that involves researchers in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Germany, and the United States.
Another project involves the exopolysaccharide alginate, which also functions as a virulence factor in P. syringae by increasing the bacterial population within and on the surface of plant hosts. We have obtained results indicating that alginate production is differentially regulated in P. syringae and the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and these results may eventually provide insight into factors contributing to the divergent evolution of plant and animal pathogens.
Another project involves the exopolysaccharide alginate, which also functions as a virulence factor in P. syringae by increasing the bacterial population within and on the surface of plant hosts. We have obtained results indicating that alginate production is differentially regulated in P. syringae and the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and these results may eventually provide insight into factors contributing to the divergent evolution of plant and animal pathogens.
Other Expertise
Symposium Organizer, 10th Intl. Congress on Pseudomonas, Marseille, France 2005
Symposium Organizer, FASEB Conference on Microbial Polysaccharides, 2006
Member, APS ad hoc Committee, Plant Pathogen Forensics. 2004-present
Participant, Institute for Defense Analysis, Microbial Forensics Workshop, March 2004
Symposium Organizer, XI Intl Congress on Mol. Plant-Microbe Interactions, 2003
Symposium Organizer, FASEB Conference on Microbial Polysaccharides, 2006
Member, APS ad hoc Committee, Plant Pathogen Forensics. 2004-present
Participant, Institute for Defense Analysis, Microbial Forensics Workshop, March 2004
Symposium Organizer, XI Intl Congress on Mol. Plant-Microbe Interactions, 2003
Future Research
Research in my lab has focused on the plant pathogenic bacterium, Pseudomonas syringae, and the interaction of this bacterium with various plant hosts. More specifically, we study two virulence factors that are produced by P. syringae, the phytotoxin coronatine and the exopolysaccharide alginate. From the plant viewpoint, we are interested in how coronatine and alginate contribute to pathogenesis. This has become an attractive area due to the advent of functional genomics and the availability of nucleotide sequence information for P. syringae and various plant hosts. We are also interested in commercial applications of our research activities, which has led to several patent and licensing agreements.
Industrial Relevance
Coronatine is an amazing compound that has a variety of effects on plants. Recent patents have shown that coronatine has potential in the stimulation of taxene production and other secondary metabolites in plant cell culture. Coronatine has also been patented as an abscission aid in citrus. Due to its structural / functional similarity to methyl jasmonate and octadecanoid signaling molecules, coronatine also influences plant signal transduction pathways, especially those that lead to defense.
We are pleased to offer the following to the research market: (1) authentic, crystalline coronatine; (2) protocols for coronatine isolation; and (3) technical support for partial purification of coronatine.
An e-brochure describing these services is available upon request: e-mail: carol.bender@okstate.edu
We are pleased to offer the following to the research market: (1) authentic, crystalline coronatine; (2) protocols for coronatine isolation; and (3) technical support for partial purification of coronatine.
An e-brochure describing these services is available upon request: e-mail: carol.bender@okstate.edu
Keywords
COS Keywords:
Agronomy, Asia, East (Far East), Biochemistry, Biological Sciences, Biosynthesis, Entomology, Evolutionary Biology, Forensic Science, Genetics, Life Sciences, Microbiology, Molecular Biology, Nucleic Acids, Pathogenesis, Plant Diseases or Pathology.Additional Terms:
Bacterial Genetics, Coronatine, Commercial Availability, East Asia and Pacific Program, Evolutionary Biology, Genetics, Life Science Biological, Microbial Forensics, Microbial Genetics, Nucleic Acids, Pathogenesis, Phytohormone.Memberships
American Association for the Advancement of Science
American Phytopathological Society
American Society for Microbiology
International Society for Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions
Honors and Awards
2005, Fellow,
American Phytopathological Society
2005, Regents Distinguished Research Award,
Oklahoma State University
2004, Technology Innovator Award,
Office of Academic Affairs, IT Division,
Oklahoma State University,
Innovative Teaching
1996, Alumni Award,
Gamma Sigma Delta (Honor Society of Agriculture),
University of California, Riverside
1993, James A. Whatley Award for Meritorious Research in Agricultural Science,
Oklahoma State University
Previous Positions
1997-2003, Adjunct Professor,
Oklahoma State University,
Microbiology & Molecular Genetics
1997-2001, Professor,
Oklahoma State University,
Entomology and Plant Pathology,
Agricultural and Natural Resources
1991-1997, Associate Professor,
Oklahoma State University,
Plant Pathology,
Agriculture and Natural Resources
1986-1991, Assistant Professor,
Oklahoma State University,
Plant Pathology,
Agriculture and Natural Resources
Patents
Optimization of Coronatine Production in a Genetically Improved Strain of Pseudomonas syringae,
Patent Number: (PENDING),
2007,
United States.
Coronatine as an Abcission Agent for Citrus,
Patent Number: 09897831,
2002,
United States.
Funding Received
- National Science Foundation (NSF): MCB-9807774; Investigations of coronafacic acid biosynthesis, $123,000, Sep 1998 to Aug 2002.
- National Science Foundation (NSF): DMB 8902561 Genetics of coronatine biosynthesis in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, $115,000, Oct 1989 to Apr 1993.
- National Science Foundation (NSF): IBN-0130693; Function of the phytotoxin coronatine in P. syringae DC3000/Plant Interactions, $211,606, Mar 1, 2002 to Feb 28, 2006.
- Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science & Technology: HR00-002 Investigations of the antibiotic mupirocin, $135,000, Jun 2000 to May 2003.
- National Institutes of Health (NIH): AI 43311-01 Pseudomonas syringae virulence and alginate synthesis, $436,000, Jun 1998 to May 2002.
- Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science & Technology: AR031-005: Production of Plant Abscission Agents by Pseudomonas, $232,284, Feb 1, 2003 to Jan 31, 2006.
- National Science Foundation (NSF): MCB 9316488 Regulation of coronatine biosynthesis in Pseudomonas syringae, $302,000, Feb 1994 to Sep 1997.
- U.S.-New Zealand Cooperative Research: INT 9220628, $17,000, Feb 1993 to Mar 1995.
- National Science Foundation (NSF): EHR 9108771 A multidisciplinary approach to biotic stress in plants, $230,000, Feb 1992 to Aug 1995.
- National Science Foundation (NSF): MCB-9603618; Biosynthesis and regulation of the phytotoxin coronatine in Pseudomonas syringae, $315,000, Apr 1997 to Mar 2002.
- National Science Foundation (NSF): IOB-0620469, Function of the phytotoxin coronatine in Pseudomonas syringae pathogenesis, $130,357, 2006 to 2009.
Publications
- Uppalapati SR, Ishiga Y, Wangdi T, Kunkel BN, Anand A, Mysore KS, Bender CL (Aug 2007) The phytotoxin coronatine contributes to pathogen fitness and is required for suppression of salicylic acid accumulation in tomato inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000., Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI, 20 (8), 955-65
- Elizabeth, SV, Bender, CL (2007) The phytotoxin coronatine from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 functions as a virulence factor and influences defense pathways in edible Brassicas., Molecular Plant Pathology, 8 (1)
- Uppalapati, SR, Bender, CL (2007) Gene expression and metabolic profiling reveals that phytotoxin coronatine impacts multiple phytohormone pathways in tomato, Concepts in Plant Metabolomics, Dordrecht, Springer, 193-208 pages (bookchapter)
- Sreedharan, A, Penaloza-Vazquez, A, Kunkel, BN, Bender, CL (2006) CorR regulates multiple componets of virulence in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 18 (7), 768-779
- Schenk, A, Berger, M, Keith, LM, Bender, CL, Muskhelishvili, G, Ullrich, MS (2006) The algT gene of Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea and new insights into the transcriptional organization of the algT-muc gene cluster., Journal of Bacteriology, In Press
- Preiter K, Brooks DM, Penaloza-Vazquez A, Sreedharan A, Bender CL, Kunkel BN (Nov 2005) Novel virulence gene of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000, Journal of Bacteriology, 187 (22), 7805-14
- Uppalapati SR, Ayoubi P, Weng H, Palmer DA, Mitchell RE, Jones W, Bender CL (Apr 2005) The Phytotoxin Coronatine and Methyl Jasmonate Impact Multiple Phytohormone Pathways in Tomato, The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology, 42 (2), 201-17
- Cui J, Bahrami AK, Pringle EG, Hernandez-Guzman G, Bender CL, Pierce NE, Ausubel FM (Feb 2005) Pseudomonas syringae manipulates systemic plant defenses against pathogens and herbivores, 102 (5), 1791-6
- Cui, J., A. K. Bahrami, E. G. Pringle, G, Pseudomonas Syringae Manipulates Systemic Plant Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 102, 1791-1796, 2005
- Brooks, D. M., Bender, C. L., Kunkel, B. N. (2005) The Pseudomonas syringae phytotoxin coronatine promotes virulence by overcoming salicylic acid-dependent defenses in Arabidopsis thaliana, Molecular Plant Pathology, 6, 629-639
- Bender, C. L. (2005) The post-genomic era: New approaches for studying bacterial diseases of plants, Australasian Plant Pathology, 34, 471-474
- Penaloza-Vazquez A, Fakhr MK, Bailey AM, Bender CL, AlgR functions in algC expression and virulence in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Microbiology (reading, England), 150(Pt 8), 2727-37, August 2004
- Bjerkan TM, Bender CL, Ertesvag H, Drablos F, Fakhr MK, Preston LA, Skjak-Braek G, Valla S (July 2004) The Pseudomonas syringae genome encodes a combined mannuronan C-5-epimerase and O-acetylhydrolase, which strongly enhances the predicted gel-forming properties of alginates, Journal of Bioligical Chemistry, 279 (28), 28920-9
- Brooks, D. M., G. H. Guzman, A. P. Kloek, F. Alarcó®ƒhaidez, A. Raghavan, V. Rangaswamy, A. Peñ¡¬¯za-Vằuez, C. L. Bender, and B. N. Kunkel, Identification and characterization of a well-defined series of coronatine biosynthetic mutants of Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato DC3000, Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 17, 162-174, 2004
- Seidle, H., V. Rangaswamy, R. Couch, C. L. Bender, and R. J. Parry (2004) Characterization of Cfa1, a monofunctional acyl carrier protein involved in the biosynthesis of the polyketide phytotoxin coronatine, Journal of Bacteriology, 186, 2499-503
- Buell CR, Joardar V, Lindeberg M, Selengut J, Paulsen IT, Gwinn ML, Dodson RJ, Deboy RT, Durkin AS, Kolonay JF, Madupu R, Daugherty S, Brinkac L, Beanan MJ, Haft DH, Nelson WC, Davidsen T, Zafar N, Zhou L, Liu J, Yuan Q, Khouri H, Fedorova N, Tran B, Russ, The complete genome sequence of the Arabidopsis and tomato pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 100(18), 10181-6, September 2003
- Keith RC, Keith LM, Hernandez-Guzman G, Uppalapati SR, Bender CL, Alginate gene expression by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in host and non-host plants, Microbiology, 149, 1127-38, 2003
- Alarcon-Chaidez FJ, Keith L, Zhao Y, Bender CL, RpoN is required for plasmid-encoded coronatine biosynthesis in Pseudomonas syringae, Plasmid, 49, 106-17, 2003
- Zhao, Y. R. Thilmony, C. L. Bender, A. Schaller, S. Y. He, G. A. Howe (2003) Virulence systems of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato promote bacterial speck disease in tomato by targeting the jasmonate signaling pathway, Plant Journal, 36, 485-499
- Burns, J. K., L. V. Pozo, C. R. Arias, B. Hockema, V. Rangaswamy and C. L. Bender (2003) Coronatine and abscission in citrus, Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 128, 309-315
- Zhao, Y. F., J. P. Damicone, and C. L. Bender, Sources of inoculum for bacterial leaf spot diseases of leafy crucifers, Plant Disease, 86, 883-888, 2002
- Wang, X., F. Alarcon-Chaidez, A. Penaloza-Vazquez, and C. L. Bender, Differential regulation of coronatine biosynthesis in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and P. syringae pv. glycinea PG4180, Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 60, 111-120, 2002
- Rangaswamy V, Hernandez-Guzman G, Shufran KA, Bender CL, Analysis of rILERS, an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase gene associated with mupirocin production by Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIMB 10586, DNA Sequence, 13, 343-51, 2002
- Jiralerspong S, Rangaswamy V, Bender CL, Parry RJ, Analysis of the enzymatic domains in the modular portion of the coronafacic acid polyketide synthase, Gene, 270, 191-200, 30 May 2001
- Zhao, YF, WT Jones, P Sutherland, DA Palmer, RE Mitchell, PHS Reynolds, JP Damicone, and CL Bender, Detection of the phytotoxin coronatine by ELISA and localization in infected plant tissue, Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 58, 247-258, 2001
- Jones, W. T., D. Harvey, Y. Zhao, R. Mitchell, C. L. Bender, and P. H. S. Reynolds, Monoclonal antibody-based immunoassays for the phytotoxin coronatine, Food and Agricultural Immunology, 13, 19-32, 2001
- Keith LM, Bender CL, Genetic divergence in the algT-muc operon controlling alginate biosynthesis and response to environmental stress in Pseudomonas syringae, DNA Sequence, 12, 125-9, 2001
- Alarcon-Chaidez, FJ and CL Bender, Analysis of the rpoN locus in the plant pathogenic bacterium, Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, DNA Sequence, 12, 77-84, 2001
- Preston LA, Bender CL, Schiller NL, Analysis and expression of algL, which encodes alginate lyase in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, DNA Sequence, 12, 455-61, 2001
- Preston LA, Wong TY, Bender CL, Schiller NL (November 2000) Characterization of alginate lyase from Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Journal of Bacteriology, 182, 6268-71
- Penaloza-Vazquez A, Preston GM, Collmer A, Bender CL, Regulatory interactions between the Hrp type III protein secretion system and coronatine biosynthesis in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, Microbiology, 146, 2447-2456, October 2000
- Hendrickson EL, Guevera P, Penaloza-Vazquez A, Shao J, Bender C, Ausubel FM (June 2000) Virulence of the phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola is rpoN dependent, Journal of Bacteriology, 182, 3498-507
- Zhao, Y., J. P. Damicone, D. H. Demezas, V. Rangaswamy, and C. L. Bender, Bacterial leaf spot of leafy crucifers in Oklahoma caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola, Plant Disease, 84, 1015-1020, 2000
- Zhao, Y., J. P. Damicone, D. H. Demezas, and C. L. Bender, Bacterial leaf spot diseases of leafy crucifers in Oklahoma caused by pathovars of Xanthomonas campestris, Plant Disease, 84, 1008-1014, 2000
- Rangaswamy V, Bender CL, Phosphorylation of CorS and CorR, regulatory proteins that modulate production of the phytotoxin coronatine in Pseudomonas syringae, FEMS Microbiology Letters, 193, 13-18, 2000
- Keith LM, Bender CL (December 1999) AlgT controls alginate production and tolerance to environmental stress in Pseudomonas syringae, Journal of Bacteriology, 181, 7176-84
- Alarcon-Chaidez FJ, Penaloza-Vazquez A, Ullrich M, Bender CL, Characterization of plasmids encoding the phytotoxin coronatine in Pseudomonas syringae, Plasmid, 42, 210-20, November 1999
- Wang L, Bender CL, Ullrich MS, The transcriptional activator CorR is involved in biosynthesis of the phytotoxin coronatine and binds to the cmaABT promoter region in a temperature-dependent manner, Molecular and General Genetics, 262, 250-60, September 1999
- Yu J, Penaloza-Vazquez A, Chakrabarty AM, Bender CL, Involvement of the exopolysaccharide alginate in the virulence and epiphytic fitness of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Molecular Microbiology, 33, 712-20, August 1999
- Keith LM, Partridge JE, Bender CL, DnaK and the heat stress response of Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 12, 563-74, July 1999
- Bender CL, Alarcon-Chaidez F, Gross DC, Pseudomonas syringae phytotoxins: Mode of action, regulation, and biosynthesis by peptide and polyketide synthetases, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 63, 266-92, June 1999
- Fakhr MK, Penaloza-Vazquez A, Chakrabarty AM, Bender CL (June 1999) Regulation of alginate biosynthesis in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Journal of Bacteriology, 181, 3478-85
- Rangaswamy V, Jiralerspong S, Parry R, Bender CL, Biosynthesis of the Pseudomonas polyketide coronafacic acid requires monofunctional and multifunctional polyketide synthase proteins, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 95, 15469-74, 22 Dec 1998
- Penaloza-Vazquez A, Bender CL (December 1998) Characterization of CorR, a transcriptional activator which is required for biosynthesis of the phytotoxin coronatine, Journal of Bacteriology, 180, 6252-9
- Budde IP, Rohde BH, Bender CL, Ullrich MS (March 1998) Growth phase and temperature influence promoter activity, transcript abundance, and protein stability during biosynthesis of the Pseudomonas syringae phytotoxin coronatine, Journal of Bacteriology, 180, 1360-7
- Bender CL, Palmer DA, Penaloza-Vazquez A, Rangaswamy V, Ullrich M, Biosynthesis and regulation of coronatine, a non-host-specific phytotoxin produced by Pseudomonas syringae, Subcell Biochem, 29, 321-41, 1998
- Penaloza-Vazquez A, Kidambi SP, Chakrabarty AM, Bender CL (July 1997) Characterization of the alginate biosynthetic gene cluster in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Journal of Bacteriology, 179 (14), 4464-72
- Palmer DA, Bender CL, Sharma SB (June 1997) Use of Tn5-gusA5 to investigate environmental and nutritional effects on gene expression in the coronatine biosynthetic gene cluster of Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 43 (6), 517-25
- Rangaswamy V, Ullrich M, Jones W, Mitchell R, Parry R, Reynolds P, Bender CL, Expression and analysis of coronafacate ligase, a thermoregulated gene required for production of the phytotoxin coronatine in Pseudomonas syringae, FEMS Microbiology Letters, 154, 65-72, 1 1997
- Penfold CN, Bender CL, Turner JG, Characterisation of genes involved in biosynthesis of coronafacic acid, the polyketide component of the phytotoxin coronatine, Gene, 183, 167-73, December 1996
- Sundin GW, Kidambi SP, Ullrich M, Bender CL, Resistance to ultraviolet light in Pseudomonas syringae: Sequence and functional analysis of the plasmid-encoded rulAB genes, Gene, 177(1-2), 77-81, October 1996
- Penaloza-Vazquez A, Rangaswamy V, Ullrich M, Bailey AM, Bender CL, Use of translational fusions to the maltose-binding protein to produce and purify proteins in Pseudomonas syringae and assess their activity in vivo, Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions, 9(7), 637-41, September 1996
- Sundin GW, Bender CL, Molecular analysis of closely related copper- and streptomycin-resistance plasmids in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Plasmid, 35(2), 98-107, March 1996
- Sundin GW, Bender CL, Dissemination of the strA-strB streptomycin-resistance genes among commensal and pathogenic bacteria from humans, animals, and plants, Molecular Ecology, 5(1), 133-43, February 1996
- Liyanage H, Palmer DA, Ullrich M, Bender CL, Characterization and transcriptional analysis of the gene cluster for coronafacic acid, the polyketide component of the phytotoxin coronatine, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 61(11), 3843-8, November 1995
- Ullrich M, Penaloza-Vazquez A, Bailey AM, Bender CL (November 1995) A modified two-component regulatory system is involved in temperature-dependent biosynthesis of the Pseudomonas syringae phytotoxin coronatine, Journal of Bacteriology, 177 (21), 6160-9
- Sundin GW, Monks DE, Bender CL (September 1995) Distribution of the streptomycin-resistance transposon Tn5393 among phylloplane and soil bacteria from managed agricultural habitats, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 41 (9), 792-9
- Sundin GW, Bender CL, Expression of the strA-strB streptomycin resistance genes in Pseudomonas syringae and Xanthomonas campestris and characterization of IS6100 in X. campestris, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 61(8), 2891-7, August 1995
- Kidambi SP, Sundin GW, Palmer DA, Chakrabarty AM, Bender CL, Copper as a signal for alginate synthesis in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 61(6), 2172-9, June 1995
- Liyanage H, Penfold C, Turner J, Bender CL, Sequence, expression and transcriptional analysis of the coronafacate ligase-encoding gene required for coronatine biosynthesis by Pseudomonas syringae, Gene, 153(1), 17-23, 3 1995
- Sundin GW, Demezas DH, Bender CL, Genetic and plasmid diversity within natural populations of Pseudomonas syringae with various exposures to copper and streptomycin bactericides, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60(12), 4421-31, December 1994
- Ullrich M, Bender CL (December 1994) The biosynthetic gene cluster for coronamic acid, an ethylcyclopropyl amino acid, contains genes homologous to amino acid-activating enzymes and thioesterases, Journal of Bacteriology, 176 (24), 7574-86
- Bereswill S, Bugert P, Volksch B, Ullrich M, Bender CL, Geider K, Identification and relatedness of coronatine-producing Pseudomonas syringae pathovars by PCR analysis and sequence determination of the amplification products, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60(8), 2924-30, August 1994
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