Dr. Barbara L. Shacklett

(Reading, Writing, Speaking)

California HIV/AIDS Research Program (CHRP): Mucosal Immunity to HIV-1 in Women and Ethnic Minorities, , 2005 to 2009.
National Institutes of Health (NIH): Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to HIV-1 in GALT, , 2003 to 2013.
National Institutes of Health (NIH): Frequency and Function of HIV-Specific T-cells in GALT, , 2003 to 2003.
National Institutes of Health (NIH): HIV-Specific T-Cells in Cerebrospinal Fluid, , 2002 to 2005.
National Institutes of Health (NIH): HIV-1-Specific CTL in Exposed, Uninfected Individuals, , 2001 to 2003.

• McLaughlin BE, Baumgarth N, Bigos M, Roederer M, De Rosa SC, Altman JD, Nixon DF, Ottinger J, Li J, Beckett L, Shacklett BL, Evans TG, Asmuth DM (May 2008) Nine-color flow cytometry for accurate measurement of T cell subsets and cytokine responses. Part II: Panel performance across different instrument platforms., Cytometry. Part A, 73 (5), 411-20
• Shattock RJ, Haynes BF, Pulendran B, Flores J, Esparza J (Apr 2008) Improving defences at the portal of HIV entry: mucosal and innate immunity., PLoS Medicine, 5 (4), e81
• Emu B, Sinclair E, Hatano H, Ferre A, Shacklett B, Martin JN, McCune JM, Deeks SG (Mar 2008) HLA Class I-Restricted T Cell Responses May Contribute to the Control of HIV Infection, but Such Responses are Not Always Necessary for Long-term Virus Control., Journal of Virology
• Sparger EE, Dubie RA, Shacklett BL, Cole KS, Chang WL, Luciw PA (Feb 2008) Vaccination of rhesus macaques with a vif-deleted simian immunodeficiency virus proviral DNA vaccine., Virology
• Shacklett BL (Jan 2008) Can the new humanized mouse model give HIV research a boost?, PLoS medicine, 5 (1), e13
• Shacklett, BL (2008) HIV Infection of the Gastrointestinal Tract In Brown, AM (eds), Latent Infection by HIV-1 and Related Lentiviruses: New Approaches and Treatment Challenges, Trivandrum, IN, Research Signpost, pgs 67-82 pages, In Press, ISBN=9781555813642 (bookchapter)
• Shacklett, BL, Lemongello, D, Critchfield, JW (2008) Methods for isolating mucosal T cells to measure immune responses In Prasad, V, Kalpana, G (eds), HIV Protocols, 2nd Edition, New York, NY, Humana Press/Springer, In Press, ISBN=9781588298591 (bookchapter)
• Shacklett, BL, Lemongello, D, Critchfield, JW (2008) Quantitating HIV-1-specific T-cell responses by ELISPOT and cytokine flow cytometry In Prasad, V, Kalpana, G (eds), HIV Protocols, 2nd Edition, New York, NY, Humana Press/Springer, In Press, ISBN=9781588298591 (bookchapter)
• Critchfield JW, Lemongello D, Walker DH, Garcia JC, Asmuth DM, Pollard RB, Shacklett BL (Jun 2007) Multifunctional human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gag-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in rectal mucosa and peripheral blood mononuclear cells during chronic HIV type 1 infection., Journal of virology, 81 (11), 5460-71
• Guadalupe M, Sankaran S, George MD, Reay E, Verhoeven D, Shacklett BL, Flamm J, Wegelin J, Prindiville T, Dandekar S (Aug 2006) Viral suppression and immune restoration in the gastrointestinal mucosa of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients initiating therapy during primary or chronic infection., Journal of Virology, 80 (16), 8236-47
• Zuber B, Quigley MF, Critchfield JW, Shacklett BL, Abel K, Miller CJ, Mörner A, Paulie S, Ahlborg N, Sandberg JK (May 2006) Detection of macaque perforin expression and release by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and ELISpot., Journal of immunological methods, 312 (1-2), 45-53
• Quigley MF, Abel K, Zuber B, Miller CJ, Sandberg JK, Shacklett BL (Mar 2006) Perforin expression in the gastrointestinal mucosa is limited to acute simian immunodeficiency virus infection., Journal of virology, 80 (6), 3083-7
• Shacklett BL (Feb 2006) Understanding the "lucky few": the conundrum of HIV-exposed, seronegative individuals., Current HIV/AIDS reports, 3 (1), 26-31
• Shacklett, BL, Nixon DF (2006) Methods for detection of antigen-specific T cells by Enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) In Detrick, B, Hamilton, RG, Douglas, SD (eds), ASM Manual of Molecular and Clinical Laboratory Immunology, 7th Edition, Washington, DC, American Society for Microbiology, Ch 28 pages, ISBN=9781555813642 (bookchapter)
• Roland ME, Neilands TB, Krone MR, Katz MH, Franses K, Grant RM, Busch MP, Hecht FM, Shacklett BL, Kahn JO, Bamberger JD, Coates TJ, Chesney MA, Martin JN (Nov 2005) Seroconversion following nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis against HIV., Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 41 (10), 1507-13
• Nixon DF, Deeks SG, Shacklett BL, Karlsson AC (2005) Multidrug-resistant, dual-tropic HIV-1 and rapid progression., Lancet, 365 (9475), 1924-5
• Shacklett BL, Cox CA, Quigley MF, Kreis C, Stollman NH, Jacobson MA, Andersson J, Sandberg JK, Nixon DF (Jul 2004) Abundant expression of granzyme A, but not perforin, in granules of CD8+ T cells in GALT: implications for immune control of HIV-1 infection., 173 (1), 641-8
• Shacklett BL, Cox CA, Wilkens DT, Karl Karlsson R, Nilsson A, Nixon DF, Price RW, Increased adhesion molecule and chemokine receptor expression on CD8+ T cells trafficking to cerebrospinal fluid in HIV-1 infection, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 189(12), 2202-12, Jun 2004
• Karlsson RK, Jennes W, Page-Shafer K, Nixon DF, Shacklett BL, Poorly soluble peptides can mimic authentic ELISPOT responses, Journal of Immunological Methods, 285(1), 89-92, Feb 2004
• Chandwani R, Jordan KA, Shacklett BL, Papasavvas E, Montaner LJ, Rosenberg MG, Nixon DF, Sandberg JK, Limited magnitude and breadth in the HLA-A2-restricted CD8 T-Cell response to Nef in children with vertically acquired HIV-1 infection, Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, 59(1), 109-14, Jan 2004
• Shacklett BL, Yang O, Hausner MA, Elliott J, Hultin L, Price C, Fuerst M, Matud J, Hultin P, Cox C, Ibarrondo J, Wong JT, Nixon DF, Anton PA, Jamieson BD, Optimization of methods to assess human mucosal T-cell responses to HIV infection, Journal of Immunological Methods, 279(1-2), 17-31, Aug 2003
• Shacklett BL, Cox CA, Sandberg JK, Stollman NH, Jacobson MA, Nixon DF, Trafficking of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific CD8+ T cells to gut-associated lymphoid tissue during chronic infection, Journal of Virology, 77(10), 5621-31, May 2003
• Jennes W, Kestens L, Nixon DF, Shacklett BL, Enhanced ELISPOT detection of antigen-specific T cell responses from cryopreserved specimens with addition of both IL-7 and IL-15--the Amplispot assay, Journal of Immunological Methods, 270(1), 99-108, Dec 2002
• Shacklett BL, Beyond 51Cr release: New methods for assessing HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell responses in peripheral blood and mucosal tissues, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 130(2), 172-82, Nov 2002
• Shacklett BL, Shaw KE, Adamson LA, Wilkens DT, Cox CA, Montefiori DC, Gardner MB, Sonigo P, Luciw PA, Live, attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac-M4, with point mutations in the Env transmembrane protein intracytoplasmic domain, provides partial protection from mucosal challenge, Journal of Virology, 76(22), 11365-78, Nov 2002
• Shacklett BL, Ling B, Veazey RS, Luckay A, Moretto WJ, Wilkens DT, Hu J, Israel ZR, Nixon DF, Marx PA, Boosting of SIV-specific T cell responses in rhesus macaques that resist repeated intravaginal challenge with SIVmac251, Aids Research and Human Retroviruses, 18(14), 1081-8, Sep 2002
• Shacklett BL, Means RE, Larsson M, Wilkens DT, Beadle TJ, Merritt MJ, Bhardwaj N, Palumbo PE, Skurnick JH, Louria DB, Nixon DF, Dendritic cell amplification of HIV type 1-specific CD8+ T cell responses in exposed, seronegative heterosexual women, Aids Research and Human Retroviruses, 18(11), 805-15, Jul 2002
• Skurnick JH, Palumbo P, DeVico A, Shacklett BL, Valentine FT, Merges M, Kamin-Lewis R, Mestecky J, Denny T, Lewis GK, Lloyd J, Praschunus R, Baker A, Nixon DF, Stranford S, Gallo R, Vermund SH, Louria DB, Correlates of nontransmission in US women at high risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection through sexual exposure, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 185(4), 428-38, Feb 2002
• Larsson M, Wilkens DT, Fonteneau JF, Beadle TJ, Merritt MJ, Kost RG, Haslett PA, Cu-Uvin S, Bhardwaj N, Nixon DF, Shacklett BL, Amplification of low-frequency antiviral CD8 T cell responses using autologous dendritic cells, Aids (london, England), 16(2), 171-80, Jan 2002
• Tolfvenstam T, Oxenius A, Price DA, Shacklett BL, Spiegel HM, Hedman K, Norbeck O, Levi M, Olsen K, Kantzanou M, Nixon DF, Broliden K, Klenerman P, Direct ex vivo measurement of CD8(+) T-lymphocyte responses to human parvovirus B19, Journal of Virology, 75(1), 540-3, Jan 2001
• Shacklett BL, Cu-Uvin S, Beadle TJ, Pace CA, Fast NM, Donahue SM, Caliendo AM, Flanigan TP, Carpenter CC, Nixon DF, Quantification of HIV-1-specific T-cell responses at the mucosal cervicovaginal surface, Aids (london, England), 14(13), 1911-5, Sep 2000
• Shacklett BL, Beadle TJ, Pacheco PA, Grendell JH, Haslett PA, King AS, Ogg GS, Basuk PM, Nixon DF, Isolation of cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes from gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) of HIV type 1-infected subjects, Aids Research and Human Retroviruses, 16(12), 1157-62, Aug 2000
• Shacklett BL, Weber CJ, Shaw KE, Keddie EM, Gardner MB, Sonigo P, Luciw PA, The intracytoplasmic domain of the Env transmembrane protein is a locus for attenuation of simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac in rhesus macaques, Journal of Virology, 74(13), 5836-44, Jul 2000
• Shacklett BL, Beadle TJ, Pacheco PA, Grendell JH, Haslett PA, King AS, Ogg GS, Basuk PM, Nixon DF, Characterization of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes expressing the mucosal lymphocyte integrin CD103 in rectal and duodenal lymphoid tissue of HIV-1-infected subjects, Virology, 270(2), 317-27, May 2000
• Berlioz-Torrent C, Shacklett BL, Erdtmann L, Delamarre L, Bouchaert I, Sonigo P, Dokhelar MC, Benarous R, Interactions of the cytoplasmic domains of human and simian retroviral transmembrane proteins with components of the clathrin adaptor complexes modulate intracellular and cell surface expr, Journal of Virology, 73(2), 1350-61, Feb 1999
• Luciw PA, Shaw KE, Shacklett BL, Marthas ML, Importance of the intracytoplasmic domain of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) envelope glycoprotein for pathogenesis, Virology, 252(1), 9-16, Dec 1998
• Shacklett BL, Denesvre C, Boson B, Sonigo P, Features of the SIVmac transmembrane glycoprotein cytoplasmic domain that are important for Env functions, Aids Research and Human Retroviruses, 14(5), 373-83, Mar 1998
• Sol N, Treboute C, Gomas E, Ferchal F, Shacklett B, Alizon M, The rhesus macaque CCR3 chemokine receptor is a cell entry cofactor for HIV-2, but not for HIV-1, Virology, 240(2), 213-20, Jan 1998
• Shacklett BL, Luciw PA, Analysis of the vif gene of feline immunodeficiency virus, Virology, 204(2), 860-7, Nov 1994
• Barlough JE, Shacklett BL, Antiviral studies of feline infectious peritonitis virus in vitro, The Veterinary Record, 135(8), 177-9, Aug 1994
• Luciw, PA, Shacklett, BL (1993) Molecular biology of HIV, SIV, and the primate immunodeficiency viruses In Morrow, WJW, Haigwood, NL (eds), HIV Molecular Organization, Pathogenicity, and Treatment., Amsterdam, NL, Elsevier Press, pgs 123-219 pages, ISBN=0-444-89521-3 (bookchapter)
• Phillips TR, Lamont C, Konings DA, Shacklett BL, Hamson CA, Luciw PA, Elder JH, Identification of the Rev transactivation and Rev-responsive elements of feline immunodeficiency virus, Journal of Virology, 66(9), 5464-71, Sep 1992
• Sparger EE, Shacklett BL, Renshaw-Gegg L, Barry PA, Pedersen NC, Elder JH, Luciw PA, Regulation of gene expression directed by the long terminal repeat of the feline immunodeficiency virus, Virology, 187(1), 165-77, Mar 1992