Alexander W. Clowes

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University of Washington
School of Medicine
Surgery
Vascular Surgery
Professor
University of Washington
School of Medicine
Surgery
Vascular Surgery
Chief

Mailing Address

Box 356410
University of Washington
Seattle, Washington 98195-6410
United States

Contact Information

Phone: (206) 543-9890
Fax: (206) 616-7495
clowes@u.washington.edu

Qualifications

Clinical Fellowship, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Vascular Surgery, 1980.
Residency, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western University, 1979.
Research Fellowship, Harvard Medical School, Pathology, 1976.
M.D., Harvard Medical School, 1972.

Expertise and Research Interests

Research Interests:
Mechanisms of arterial graft healing, inhibition of restenosis, atherosclerosis and plaque progression - supported by MERIT award and other funding from NIH.

Clinical Interests:
Peripheral vascular surgery; mechanisms of stenosis/restenosis after vascular reconstruction.

Other Expertise

Board Certified: American Board of Surgery, 1981; recertified, 1989; recertified, 1999
General Vascular Surgery, 1987; recertified 1996

Patient Services:
Vascular Surgery Outpatient Clinic at UWMC

Keywords

COS Keywords:

Arteriosclerosis Or Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Biology, Cell Biology, Gene Expression, Genes, Growth Factor Receptors, Growth Factors, Immunobiology, Immunology, Pathology, Surgery, Vascular Biology, Wound Healing.

Additional Terms:

Cardiovascular Biology, Cell Biology, Gene Expression, Genes, Growth Factor Receptors, Growth Factors, Immunobiology, Immunology, Regulation, Surgery, Vascular Biology, Vascular Disease/injury, Vascular Grafts.

Memberships

American College of Surgeons
American Society for Cell Biology
American Society for Investigative Pathology
American Surgical Association
European Society for Vascular Surgery
International Society for Applied Cardiovascular Biology
International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery

Previous Positions

1988-1990, Associate Professor, University of Washington
1980-88, University of Washington, Assistant Professor

Publications

  • Mason DP, Kenagy RD, Hasenstab D, Bowen-Pope DF, Seifert RA, Coats S, Hawkins SM, Clowes AW, Matrix metalloproteinase-9 overexpression enhances vascular smooth muscle cell migration and alters remodeling in the injured rat carotid artery., Circ. Res., 85(12), 1179-85, 3 Dec 1999 Abstract
  • Kalmes A, Deou J, Clowes AW, Daum G, Raf-1 is activated by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor, SB203580., FEBS Letters, 444(1), 71-4, 5 Feb 1999 Abstract
  • Clowes AW, Regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration., Transplant Proc, 31(1-2), 810-1, February 1999 Abstract
  • Mattsson E J, Geary R L, Kraiss L W, Vergel S, Liao J K, Corson M A, Au Y P, Hanson S R, Clowes A W, Is smooth muscle growth in primate arteries regulated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase?, Journal of Vascular Surgery, 28(3), 514-21, September 1998 Abstract
  • Koyama N, Kinsella M G, Wight T N, Hedin U, Clowes A W, Heparan sulfate proteoglycans mediate a potent inhibitory signal for migration of vascular smooth muscle cells., Circulation Research, 83(3), 305-13, 10 Aug 1998 Abstract
  • Allaire E, Hasenstab D, Kenagy R D, Starcher B, Clowes M M, Clowes A W, Prevention of aneurysm development and rupture by local overexpression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 [see comments], Circulation, 98(3), 249-55, 21 Jul 1998 Abstract
  • Daum G, Levkau B, Chamberlain NL, Wang Y, Clowes AW, The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway contributes to vanadate toxicity in vascular smooth muscle cells., Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 183(1-2), 97-103, June 1998 Abstract
  • Daum G, Kalmes A, Levkau B, Wang Y, Davies M G, Clowes A W, Pervanadate inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1 in a p38MAPK-dependent manner., Febs Letters, 427(2), 271-4, 8 May 1998 Abstract
  • Chen L, Daum G, Forough R, Clowes M, Walter U, Clowes A W, Overexpression of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase in rat vascular smooth muscle cells and in balloon-injured carotid artery., Circulation Research, 82(8), 862-70, 4 May 1998 Abstract
  • Forough R, Lea H, Starcher B, Allaire E, Clowes M, Hasenstab D, Clowes A W, Metalloproteinase blockade by local overexpression of TIMP-1 increases elastin accumulation in rat carotid artery intima., Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 18(5), 803-7, May 1998 Abstract
  • Hedin U, Daum G, Clowes A W, Heparin inhibits thrombin-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in arterial smooth muscle cells., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 27(3), 512-20, March 1998 Abstract
  • Kenagy R D, Hart C E, Stetler-Stevenson W G, Clowes A W, Primate smooth muscle cell migration from aortic explants is mediated by endogenous platelet-derived growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor acting through matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9., Circulation, 96(10), 3555-60, 18 Nov 1997 Abstract
  • Mattsson E J, Kohler T R, Vergel S M, Clowes A W, Increased blood flow induces regression of intimal hyperplasia., Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 17(10), 2245-9, October 1997 Abstract
  • Lille S, Daum G, Clowes M M, Clowes A W, The regulation of p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinases in the injured rat carotid artery., Journal of Surgical Research, 70(2), 178-86, 1 Jul 1997 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Vascular gene therapy in the 21st century., Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 78(1), 605-10, July 1997 Abstract
  • Hedin U L, Daum G, Clowes A W, Disruption of integrin alpha 5 beta 1 signaling does not impair PDGF-BB-mediated stimulation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway in smooth muscle cells., Journal of Cellular Physiology, 172(1), 109-16, July 1997 Abstract
  • Daum G, Hedin U, Wang Y, Wang T, Clowes A W, Diverse effects of heparin on mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent signal transduction in vascular smooth muscle cells., Circulation Research, 81(1), 17-23, July 1997 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Vascular gene transfer using smooth muscle cells., Annals of The New York Academy of Sciences, 811, 293-7; discussion 29, 15 Apr 1997 Abstract
  • Hasenstab D, Forough R, Clowes A W, Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 increase after arterial injury in rats., Circulation Research, 80(4), 490-6, April 1997 Abstract
  • Boyle E M Jr, Lille S T, Allaire E, Clowes A W, Verrier E D, Endothelial cell injury in cardiovascular surgery: atherosclerosis., Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 63(3), 885-94, March 1997 Abstract
  • Hart C E, Clowes A W, Platelet-derived growth factor and arterial response to injury [editorial; comment], Circulation, 95(3), 555-6, 4 Feb 1997 Abstract
  • Allaire E, Clowes A W, Endothelial cell injury in cardiovascular surgery: the intimal hyperplastic response., Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 63(2), 582-91, February 1997 Abstract
  • deBlois D, Lombardi D M, Su E J, Clowes A W, Schwartz S M, Giachelli C M, Angiotensin II induction of osteopontin expression and DNA replication in rat arteries., Hypertension, 28(6), 1055-63, December 1996 Abstract
  • Kenagy R D, Vergel S, Mattsson E, Bendeck M, Reidy M A, Clowes A W, The role of plasminogen, plasminogen activators, and matrix metalloproteinases in primate arterial smooth muscle cell migration., Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 16(11), 1373-82, November 1996 Abstract
  • Herbert J M, Clowes M, Lea H J, Pascal M, Clowes A W, Protein kinase C alpha expression is required for heparin inhibition of rat smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo., Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271(42), 25928-35, 18 Oct 1996 Abstract
  • Forough R, Koyama N, Hasenstab D, Lea H, Clowes M, Nikkari S T, Clowes A W, Overexpression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell functions in vitro and in vivo., Circulation Research, 79(4), 812-20, October 1996 Abstract
  • deBlois D, Viswanathan M, Su J E, Clowes A W, Saavedra J M, Schwartz S M, Smooth muscle DNA replication in response to angiotensin II is regulated differently in the neointima and media at different times after balloon injury in the rat carotid artery. Role of AT1 receptor, Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 16(9), 1130-7, September 1996 Abstract
  • Kraiss L W, Geary R L, Mattsson E J, Vergel S, Au Y P, Clowes A W, Acute reductions in blood flow and shear stress induce platelet-derived growth factor-A expression in baboon prosthetic grafts., Circulation Research, 79(1), 45-53, July 1996 Abstract
  • Seki J, Koyama N, Kovach N L, Yednock T, Clowes A W, Harlan J M, Regulation of beta1-integrin function in cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells., Circulation Research, 78(4), 596-605, April 1996 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Improving the interface between biomaterials and the blood. The gene therapy approach [editorial; comment], Circulation, 93(7), 1319-20, 1 Apr 1996 Abstract
  • Forough R, Hasenstab D, Koyama N, Lea H, Clowes M, Clowes A W, Generating antibodies against secreted proteins using vascular smooth muscle cells transduced with replication-defective retrovirus., Biotechniques, 20(4), 694-701, April 1996 Abstract
  • Koyama N, Seki J, Vergel S, Mattsson E J, Yednock T, Kovach N L, Harlan J M, Clowes A W, Regulation and function of an activation-dependent epitope of the beta 1 integrins in vascular cells after balloon injury in baboon arteries and in vitro., American Journal of Pathology, 148(3), 749-61, March 1996 Abstract
  • Nikkari S T, Geary R L, Hatsukami T, Ferguson M, Forough R, Alpers C E, Clowes A W, Expression of collagen, interstitial collagenase, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 in restenosis after carotid endarterectomy., American Journal of Pathology, 148(3), 777-83, March 1996 Abstract
  • Beebe H G, Archie J P, Baker W H, Barnes R W, Becker G J, Bernstein E F, Brener B, Clagett G P, Clowes A W, Cooke J P, Concern about safety of carotid angioplasty [editorial] [see comments], Stroke, 27(2), 197-8, February 1996 Abstract
  • Zempo N, Koyama N, Kenagy R D, Lea H J, Clowes A W, Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation in vitro and in injured rat arteries by a synthetic matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor., Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 16(1), 28-33, January 1996 Abstract
  • Isik F F, Coughlin S R, Nelken N A, Clowes A W, Gordon D, JE gene expression in an animal model of acute arterial graft rejection., Journal of Surgical Research, 60(1), 224-31, January 1996 Abstract
  • Forough R, Nikkari S T, Hasenstab D, Lea H, Clowes A W, Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding the baboon tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1)., Gene, 163(2), 267-71, 3 Oct 1995 Abstract
  • Nikkari S T, O'Brien K D, Ferguson M, Hatsukami T, Welgus H G, Alpers C E, Clowes A W, Interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) expression in human carotid atherosclerosis., Circulation, 92(6), 1393-8, 15 Sep 1995 Abstract
  • Osborne W R, Ramesh N, Lau S, Clowes M M, Dale D C, Clowes A W, Gene therapy for long-term expression of erythropoietin in rats., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), 92(17), 8055-8, 15 Aug 1995 Abstract
  • Geary R L, Koyama N, Wang T W, Vergel S, Clowes A W, Failure of heparin to inhibit intimal hyperplasia in injured baboon arteries. The role of heparin-sensitive and -insensitive pathways in the stimulation of smooth muscle cell migration and proliferati, Circulation, 91(12), 2972-81, 15 Jun 1995 Abstract
  • Wu M H, Shi Q, Wechezak A R, Clowes A W, Gordon I L, Sauvage L R, Definitive proof of endothelialization of a Dacron arterial prosthesis in a human being., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 21(5), 862-7, May 1995 Abstract
  • Kenagy R D, Clowes A W, Regulation of baboon arterial smooth muscle cell plasminogen activators by heparin and growth factors., Thrombosis Research, 77(1), 55-61, 1 Jan 1995 Abstract
  • Isik F F, Clowes A W, Gordon D, Elastin expression in a model of acute arterial graft rejection., Transplantation, 58(11), 1246-51, 15 Dec 1994 Abstract
  • Koyama N, Hart C E, Clowes A W, Different functions of the platelet-derived growth factor-alpha and -beta receptors for the migration and proliferation of cultured baboon smooth muscle cells., Circulation Research, 75(4), 682-91, October 1994 Abstract
  • Shi Q, Wu M H, Hayashida N, Wechezak A R, Clowes A W, Sauvage L R, Proof of fallout endothelialization of impervious Dacron grafts in the aorta and inferior vena cava of the dog., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 20(4), 546-56; discussion 5, October 1994 Abstract
  • Geary R L, Clowes A W, Lau S, Vergel S, Dale D C, Osborne W R, Gene transfer in baboons using prosthetic vascular grafts seeded with retrovirally transduced smooth muscle cells: a model for local and systemic gene therapy., Human Gene Therapy, 5(10), 1211-6, October 1994 Abstract
  • Forough R, Hasenstab D, Zempo N, Langley K, De Clerck Y, Clowes A, Induction of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 in injured rat artery., Annals of The New York Academy of Sciences, 732, 384-8, 6 Sep 1994 Abstract
  • Kenagy R D, Clowes A W, A possible role for MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the migration of primate arterial smooth muscle cells through native matrix., Annals of The New York Academy of Sciences, 732, 462-5, 6 Sep 1994 Abstract
  • Bendeck M P, Zempo N, Clowes A W, Galardy R E, Reidy M A, Smooth muscle cell migration and matrix metalloproteinase expression after arterial injury in the rat., Circulation Research, 75(3), 539-45, September 1994 Abstract
  • Zempo N, Kenagy R D, Au Y P, Bendeck M, Clowes M M, Reidy M A, Clowes A W, Matrix metalloproteinases of vascular wall cells are increased in balloon-injured rat carotid artery., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 20(2), 209-17, August 1994 Abstract
  • Au Y P, Dobrowolska G, Morris D R, Clowes A W, Heparin decreases activator protein-1 binding to DNA in part by posttranslational modification of Jun B., Circulation Research, 75(1), 15-22, July 1994 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Geary R, Kinmonth Memorial Lecture. Vascular Surgical Society of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. London, November 1992. Vascular biology--the new frontier., Cardiovascular Surgery, 2(3), 301-7, June 1994 Abstract
  • Nikkari S T, Jarvelainen H T, Wight T N, Ferguson M, Clowes A W, Smooth muscle cell expression of extracellular matrix genes after arterial injury., American Journal of Pathology, 144(6), 1348-56, June 1994 Abstract
  • Kenagy R D, Nikkari S T, Welgus H G, Clowes A W, Heparin inhibits the induction of three matrix metalloproteinases (stromelysin, 92-kD gelatinase, and collagenase) in primate arterial smooth muscle cells., Journal of Clinical Investigation, 93(5), 1987-93, May 1994 Abstract
  • Nikkari S T, Clowes A W, Restenosis after vascular reconstruction., Annals of Medicine, 26(2), 95-100, April 1994 Abstract
  • Clowes M M, Lynch C M, Miller A D, Miller D G, Osborne W R, Clowes A W, Long-term biological response of injured rat carotid artery seeded with smooth muscle cells expressing retrovirally introduced human genes., Journal of Clinical Investigation, 93(2), 644-51, February 1994 Abstract
  • Geary R L, Kohler T R, Vergel S, Kirkman T R, Clowes A W, Time course of flow-induced smooth muscle cell proliferation and intimal thickening in endothelialized baboon vascular grafts., Circulation Research, 74(1), 14-23, January 1994 Abstract
  • Dawson D L, Zierler R E, Strandness D E Jr, Clowes A W, Kohler T R, The role of duplex scanning and arteriography before carotid endarterectomy: a prospective study., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 18(4), 673-80; discussion 6, October 1993 Abstract
  • Kraiss L W, Raines E W, Wilcox J N, Seifert R A, Barrett T B, Kirkman T R, Hart C E, Bowen-Pope D F, Ross R, Clowes A W, Regional expression of the platelet-derived growth factor and its receptors in a primate graft model of vessel wall assembly., Journal of Clinical Investigation, 92(1), 338-48, July 1993 Abstract
  • Mutoh S, Clowes M M, Clowes A W, Heparin increased cell membrane-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycan in balloon-injured rat carotid artery., Journal of Vascular Research, 30(3), 161-8, Spring 1993 Abstract
  • Au Y P, Kenagy R D, Clowes M M, Clowes A W, Mechanisms of inhibition by heparin of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration., Haemostasis, 23 Suppl 1, 177-82, March 1993 Abstract
  • Fingerle J, Faulmuller A, Muller G, Bowen-Pope D F, Clowes M M, Reidy M A, Clowes A W, Pituitary factors in blood plasma are necessary for smooth muscle cell proliferation in response to injury in vivo., Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis, 12(12), 1488-95, December 1992 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Heparin. Will it control intimal thickening after angioplasty? [editorial; comment], Circulation, 86(5), 1657-8, November 1992 Abstract
  • Lindner V, Olson N E, Clowes A W, Reidy M A, Inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation in injured rat arteries. Interaction of heparin with basic fibroblast growth factor., Journal of Clinical Investigation, 90(5), 2044-9, November 1992 Abstract
  • Kohler T R, Stratton J R, Kirkman T R, Johansen K H, Zierler B K, Clowes A W, Conventional versus high-porosity polytetrafluoroethylene grafts: clinical evaluation., Surgery, 112(5), 901-7, November 1992 Abstract
  • Zierler B K, Kirkman T R, Kraiss L W, Reiss W G, Horn J R, Bauer L A, Clowes A W, Kohler T R, Accuracy of duplex scanning for measurement of arterial volume flow., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 16(4), 520-6, October 1992 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Clowes M M, Kirkman T R, Jackson C L, Au Y P, Kenagy R, Heparin inhibits the expression of tissue-type plasminogen activator by smooth muscle cells in injured rat carotid artery., Circulation Research, 70(6), 1128-36, June 1992 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Regulation of smooth muscle cell function by heparin., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 15(5), 911-3, May 1992 Abstract
  • Au Y P, Montgomery K F, Clowes A W, Heparin inhibits collagenase gene expression mediated by phorbol ester-responsive element in primate arterial smooth muscle cells., Circulation Research, 70(5), 1062-9, May 1992 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Control of intimal hyperplasia by heparin., Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 11(3 Pt 2), S21, Spring 1992 Abstract
  • Au Y P, Kenagy R D, Clowes A W, Heparin selectively inhibits the transcription of tissue-type plasminogen activator in primate arterial smooth muscle cells during mitogenesis., Journal of Biological Chemistry, 267(5), 3438-44, 15 Feb 1992 Abstract
  • Lynch C M, Clowes M M, Osborne W R, Clowes A W, Miller A D, Long-term expression of human adenosine deaminase in vascular smooth muscle cells of rats: a model for gene therapy., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), 89(3), 1138-42, 1 Feb 1992 Abstract
  • Jawien A, Bowen-Pope D F, Lindner V, Schwartz S M, Clowes A W, Platelet-derived growth factor promotes smooth muscle migration and intimal thickening in a rat model of balloon angioplasty., Journal of Clinical Investigation, 89(2), 507-11, February 1992 Abstract
  • Kohler T R, Kirkman T R, Kraiss L W, Zierler B K, Clowes A W, Increased blood flow inhibits neointimal hyperplasia in endothelialized vascular grafts., Circulation Research, 69(6), 1557-65, December 1991 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Clowes M M, Vergel S C, Muller R K, Powell J S, Hefti F, Baumgartner H R, Heparin and cilazapril together inhibit injury-induced intimal hyperplasia., Hypertension, 18(4 Suppl), II65-9, October 1991 Abstract
  • Hanson S R, Powell J S, Dodson T, Lumsden A, Kelly A B, Anderson J S, Clowes A W, Harker L A, Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition with cilazapril on intimal hyperplasia in injured arteries and vascular grafts in the baboon., Hypertension, 18(4 Suppl), II70-6, October 1991 Abstract
  • Kraiss L W, Kirkman T R, Kohler T R, Zierler B, Clowes A W, Shear stress regulates smooth muscle proliferation and neointimal thickening in porous polytetrafluoroethylene grafts., Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis, 11(6), 1844-52, Autumn 1991 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Prevention and management of recurrent disease after arterial reconstruction: new prospects for pharmacological control., Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 66(1), 62-6, 12 Jul 1991 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Reidy M A, Prevention of stenosis after vascular reconstruction: pharmacologic control of intimal hyperplasia--a review., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 13(6), 885-91, June 1991 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Kohler T, Graft endothelialization: the role of angiogenic mechanisms., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 13(5), 734-6, May 1991 Abstract
  • Golden M A, Au Y P, Kirkman T R, Wilcox J N, Raines E W, Ross R, Clowes A W, Platelet-derived growth factor activity and mRNA expression in healing vascular grafts in baboons. Association in vivo of platelet-derived growth factor mRNA and protein with cellular proliferation., Journal of Clinical Investigation, 87(2), 406-14, February 1991 Abstract
  • Johansen K, Kohler T R, Nicholls S C, Zierler R E, Clowes A W, Kazmers A, Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: the Harborview experience., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 13(2), 240-5; discussion 24, February 1991 Abstract
  • Fingerle J, Au Y P, Clowes A W, Reidy M A, Intimal lesion formation in rat carotid arteries after endothelial denudation in absence of medial injury., Arteriosclerosis, 10(6), 1082-7, Autumn 1990 Abstract
  • Kohler T R, Kirkman T R, Gordon D, Clowes A W, Mechanism of long-term degeneration of arterialized vein grafts., American Journal of Surgery, 160(3), 257-61, September 1990 Abstract
  • Snow A D, Bolender R P, Wight T N, Clowes A W, Heparin modulates the composition of the extracellular matrix domain surrounding arterial smooth muscle cells., American Journal of Pathology, 137(2), 313-30, August 1990 Abstract
  • Clowes A W, Clowes M M, Au Y P, Reidy M A, Belin D, Smooth muscle cells express urokinase during mitogenesis and tissue-type plasminogen activator during migration in injured rat carotid artery., Circulation Research, 67(1), 61-7, July 1990 Abstract
  • Au Y P, Wang T W, Clowes A W, Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of baboon urokinase-type plasminogen activator., Nucleic Acids Research, 18(11), 3411, 11 Jun 1990 Abstract
  • Golden M A, Hanson S R, Kirkman T R, Schneider P A, Clowes A W, Healing of polytetrafluoroethylene arterial grafts is influenced by graft porosity., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 11(6), 838-44; discussion 8, June 1990 Abstract
  • Kohler T R, Andros G, Porter J M, Clowes A, Goldstone J, Johansen K, Raker E, Nance D R, Strandness D E Jr, Can duplex scanning replace arteriography for lower extremity arterial disease?, Annals of Vascular Surgery, 4(3), 280-7, May 1990 Abstract
  • Golden M A, Au Y P, Kenagy R D, Clowes A W, Growth factor gene expression by intimal cells in healing polytetrafluoroethylene grafts., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 11(4), 580-5, April 1990 Abstract
  • Kazmers A, Moneta G L, Harley J D, Goldman M L, Clowes A W, Treatment of acute renal artery occlusion after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty., Journal of Vascular Surgery, 9(3), 487-92, March 1989 Abstract
  • 1996 Kraiss LW, Clowes AW: Vascular grafts and their sequelae. Arteriosclerosis and Coronary Artery Disease, Editors: Fuster, Ross, & Topol, Lippincott-Raven Pub., 727-737
  • 1995 Clowes AW: Stenosis and restenosis. Why are they so difficult to treat? Ann Surg 222 (supplement): i-iv

Profile Details

Last Updated: 6/13/2001

COS Expertise ID #307390
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