Dr. Michael Emerman

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Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Human Biology
Member
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Basic Sciences
Member
University of Washington
School of Medicine
Microbiology
Affiliate Professor
Professional Headshot of Michael Emerman

Mailing Address

1100 Fairview Ave. N
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Suite C2-023
Seattle, Washington 98109-1024
United States

Contact Information

Phone: (206) 667-5058
Fax: (206) 667-6523
memerman@fhcrc.org
http://www.fhcrc.org/science/labs/emerman/

Qualifications

Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Molecular and Cellular Biology, 1986.
B.S., Ohio State University, Biochemistry, 1981.

Expertise and Research Interests

Function of HIV Genes; HIV host cell interactions.

This laboratory studies the regulatory and structural genes of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in order to understand the molecular basis for its pathogenicity. Much of our focus is on identifying and characterizing host cell functions that are used to serve specific functions for viral replication or else host functions that oppose viral replication

HIV infection of non-dividing cells: HIV is unusual in its ability to infect non-dividing cells such as terminally differentiated macrophages. With most retroviruses, the cell must pass through mitosis for the viral DNA to enter the nucleus. However, HIV can enter the nucleus at any stage of the cell cycle. We are trying to understand events that occur immediately after the virus has entered the cell that allow HIV to subsequently enter the nucleus

Intrinsic host defense: Primates have evolved a number of gene families that limit or restrict retroviral infections. In collaboraton with the lab of Harmit Malik at the FHCRC we are studying the evolution of function of these intrinsic anti-viral genes. We have found that some of these genes have been rapidly evolving throughout the history of primates and some have been under selective pressure in recent human history.

HIV spread and population biology: In vivo HIV infected cells do not survive for very long. We have found that conditions that favor rapid spread of virus require cell to cell transmission of virus. We are studying how HIV has evolved to grow so rapidly and what factors influence its evolution.

Keywords

COS Keywords:

AIDS, Allergy, Biochemistry, Cell Culture, HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Immunology, Lymphocytes, Microbiology, Molecular Biology, Tissue Culture, Viral Infections, Virology.

Additional Terms:

AIDS, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Provirus, Tissue Cell Culture, Virus Replication.

Languages

(Reading, Writing, Speaking)

French: (Functional, Basic, Functional)

Memberships

American Association for the Advancement of Science
American Society for Microbiology
American Society for Virology

Funding Received

  • : 2 R01 AI30927-06A1, HIV Host-Cell Interactions, $297,897, 1996 to .

Publications

  • Kaiser, S.M, Malik, H.S, Emerman, M (2007) Restriction of an Extinct Retrovirus by the Human TRIM5a Antiviral Protein, Science, 316, 1756-1758
  • Lin, T.Y., Emerman, M. (2006) Cyclophilin A interacts with diverse lentiviral capsids. Retrovirology, Retrovirology, 3, 70-74
  • OhAinle, M, Kerns, J.A., Malik, H.S, Emerman, M (2006) Adaptive Evolution and Antiviral Activity of the Conserved Mammalian Cytidine Deaminase APOBEC3H, Journal of Virology, 80, 3853-3862
  • Sawyer, S.L., Wu, L., Akey, J.M., Emerman, M., Malik, H.S (2006) High Frequency Persistence of an Impaired Allele of the Retroviral Defense Gene TRIM5a in Humans, Current Biology, 16, 95-100
  • Yamashita, M, Emerman, M. (2005) The cell cycle independence of HIV infections is not determined by known karyophilic viral elements, PLoS Pathogen, 1 (3), e18
  • Sawyer SL, Wu LI, Emerman M, Malik HS, Positive Selection of Primate TRIM5alpha Identifies a Critical Species-specific Retroviral Restriction Domain, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102(8), 2832-7, Feb 2005
  • Sawyer SL, Emerman M, Malik HS, Positive Selection of the Antiviral DNA Editing Enzyme Apobec3G in Primates, PLoS Biology, 2, 1278-1285, Oct 2004
  • Yamashita M, Emerman M, Capsid is a dominant determinant of retrovirus infectivity in nondividing cells, Journal of Virology, 78(11), 5670-8, June 2004 Abstract
  • Kaiser SM, Emerman M, Controlling lentiviruses: single amino acid changes can determine specificity, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America., 101(11), 3725-6, March 2004 Abstract
  • Goh WC, Manel N, Emerman M, The human immunodeficiency virus Vpr protein binds Cdc25C: implications for G2 arrest, Virology, 318(1), 337-49, January 2004 Abstract
  • Gummuluru S, Rogel M, Stamatatos L, Emerman M, Binding of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 to Immature Dendritic Cells Can Occur Independently of DC-SIGN and Mannose Binding C-Type Lectin Receptors via a Cholesterol-Dependent Pathwa, Journal of Virology, 77(23), 12865-74, December 2003 Abstract
  • McDonald D, Vodicka MA, Lucero G, Svitkina TM, Borisy GG, Emerman M, Hope TJ, Visualization of the intracellular behavior of HIV in living cells, Journal of Cell Biology, 159(3), 441-52, November 2002 Abstract
  • Gummuluru S, KewalRamani VN, Emerman M, Dendritic cell-mediated viral transfer to T cells is required for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 persistence in the face of rapid cell turnover, Journal of Virology, 76(21), 10692-701, November 2002 Abstract
  • Somasundaran M, Sharkey M, Brichacek B, Luzuriaga K, Emerman M, Sullivan JL, Stevenson M, Evidence for a cytopathogenicity determinant in HIV-1 Vpr, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), 99(14), 9503-8, July 2002 Abstract
  • Lewinsohn DA, Lines R, Lewinsohn DM, Riddell SR, Greenberg PD, Emerman M, Bartz SR, HIV-1 Vpr does not inhibit CTL-mediated apoptosis of HIV-1 infected cells, Virology, 294(1), 13-21, March 2002 Abstract
  • Gummuluru S, Emerman M, Advances in HIV molecular biology, Aids (london, England), 16 Suppl 4, S17-23, 2002 Abstract
  • Bouyac-Bertoia M, Dvorin JD, Fouchier RA, Jenkins Y, Meyer BE, Wu LI, Emerman M, Malim MH, HIV-1 infection requires a functional integrase NLS, Molecular Cell, 7(5), 1025-35, May 2001 Abstract
  • Malim MH, Emerman M, HIV-1 sequence variation: drift, shift, and attenuation, Cell, 104(4), 469-72, 2001 Abstract
  • Gummuluru S, Kinsey CM, Emerman M, An in vitro rapid-turnover assay for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication selects for cell-to-cell spread of virus, Journal of Virology, 74(23), 10882-91, December 2000 Abstract
  • Harrington R, Wu L, Pullen H, Emerman M, Direct detection of infectious HIV-1 in blood using a centrifugation-indicator cell assay, Journal of Virological Methods, 88(1), 111-5, July 2000 Abstract
  • Emerman M, Learning from lentiviruses [news], Nature Genetics, 24(1), 8-9, Jan 2000 Abstract
  • Gummuluru S, Emerman M, Cell cycle- and Vpr-mediated regulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expression in primary and transformed T-cell lines, Journal of Virology, 73(7), 5422-30, July 1999 Abstract
  • Bartz SR, Emerman M, Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat induces apoptosis and increases sensitivity to apoptotic signals by up-regulating FLICE/caspase-8, Journal of Virology, 73(3), 1956-63, March 1999 Abstract
  • Goh WC, Markee J, Akridge RE, Meldorf M, Musey L, Karchmer T, Krone M, Collier A, Corey L, Emerman M, McElrath MJ, Protection against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in persons with repeated exposure: evidence for T cell immunity in the absence of inherited CCR5 coreceptor defects, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 179(3), 548-57, March 1999 Abstract
  • Emerman M, Malim MH, HIV-1 regulatory/accessory genes: keys to unraveling viral and host cell biology, Science, 280(5371), 1880-4, June 1998 Abstract
  • Vodicka MA, Koepp DM, Silver PA, Emerman M, HIV-1 Vpr interacts with the nuclear transport pathway to promote macrophage infection, Genes and Development, 12(2), 175-85, Jan 1998 Abstract
  • Goh WC, Rogel ME, Kinsey CM, Michael SF, Fultz PN, Nowak MA, Hahn BH, Emerman M, HIV-1 Vpr increases viral expression by manipulation of the cell cycle: a mechanism for selection of Vpr in vivo, Nature Medicine, 4(1), 65-71, Jan 1998 Abstract
  • Stivahtis GL, Soares MA, Vodicka MA, Hahn BH, Emerman M, Conservation and host specificity of Vpr-mediated cell cycle arrest suggest a fundamental role in primate lentivirus evolution and biology, Journal of Virology, 71(6), 4331-8, June 1997 Abstract
  • Selig L, Benichou S, Rogel ME, Wu LI, Vodicka MA, Sire J, Benarous R, Emerman M, Uracil DNA glycosylase specifically interacts with Vpr of both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus of sooty mangabeys, but binding does not correlate with cell cycle, Journal of Virology, 71(6), 4842-6, June 1997 Abstract
  • Vodicka MA, Goh WC, Wu LI, Rogel ME, Bartz SR, Schweickart VL, Raport CJ, Emerman M, Indicator cell lines for detection of primary strains of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses, Virology, 233(1), 193-8, June 1997 Abstract
  • Fletcher TM 3rd, Brichacek B, Sharova N, Newman MA, Stivahtis G, Sharp PM, Emerman M, Hahn BH, Stevenson M, Nuclear import and cell cycle arrest functions of the HIV-1 Vpr protein are encoded by two separate genes in HIV-2/SIV(SM), Embo Journal, 15(22), 6155-65, November 1996 Abstract
  • Sharp PM, Bailes E, Stevenson M, Emerman M, Hahn BH, Gene acquisition in HIV and SIV [letter], Nature, 383(6601), 586-7, October 1996 Abstract
  • Emerman M, HIV-1, Vpr and the cell cycle, Current Biology, 6(9), 1096-103, September 1996 Abstract
  • Emerman M, From curse to cure: HIV for gene therapy? [news], Nature Biotechnology, 14(8), 943, August 1996 Abstract
  • Kewalramani VN, Emerman M, Vpx association with mature core structures of HIV-2, Virology, 218(1), 159-68, April 1996 Abstract
  • Bartz SR, Rogel ME, Emerman M, Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cell cycle control: Vpr is cytostatic and mediates G2 accumulation by a mechanism which differs from DNA damage checkpoint control, Journal of Virology, 70(4), 2324-31, April 1996 Abstract
  • Rogel ME, Wu LI, Emerman M, The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vpr gene prevents cell proliferation during chronic infection, Journal of Virology, 69(2), 882-8, February 1995 Abstract
  • Heinzinger NK, Bukinsky MI, Haggerty SA, Ragland AM, Kewalramani V, Lee MA, Gendelman HE, Ratner L, Stevenson M, Emerman M, The Vpr protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 influences nuclear localization of viral nucleic acids in nondividing host cells, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), 91(15), 7311-5, July 1994 Abstract
  • Adams M, Sharmeen L, Kimpton J, Romeo JM, Garcia JV, Peterlin BM, Groudine M, Emerman M, Cellular latency in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals with high CD4 levels can be detected by the presence of promoter-proximal transcripts, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), 91(9), 3862-6, April 1994 Abstract
  • Lewis PF, Emerman M, Passage through mitosis is required for oncoretroviruses but not for the human immunodeficiency virus, Journal of Virology, 68(1), 510-6, January 1994 Abstract
  • Bukrinsky MI, Haggerty S, Dempsey MP, Sharova N, Adzhubel A, Spitz L, Lewis P, Goldfarb D, Emerman M, Stevenson M, A nuclear localization signal within HIV-1 matrix protein that governs infection of non-dividing cells, Nature, 365(6447), 666-9, October 1993 Abstract
  • Lewis P, Hensel M, Emerman M, Human immunodeficiency virus infection of cells arrested in the cell cycle, Embo Journal, 11(8), 3053-8, August 1992 Abstract
  • Kimpton J, Emerman M, Detection of replication-competent and pseudotyped human immunodeficiency virus with a sensitive cell line on the basis of activation of an integrated beta-galactosidase gene, Journal of Virology, 66(4), 2232-9, April 1992 Abstract

Profile Details

Last Updated: 7/9/2007

COS Expertise ID #534090
Reference this profile directly: http://myprofile.cos.com/emermanm90