Albert F. Fuchs

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University of Washington
School of Medicine
Physiology and Biophysics
ProfessorAppointed: 1977
University of Washington
Regional Primate Research Center
Core StaffAppointed: 1969

Mailing Address

Box 357330
University of Washington
Seattle, Washington 98195
United States

Contact Information

Phone: (206) 543-8014
Fax: (206) 685-0305
fuchs@u.washington.edu

Qualifications

Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University, 1966.

Expertise and Research Interests

To read a book, scan a beautiful view of Mt. Ranier, or watch the flight of an eagle, the brain must accurately direct small, sensitive retinal regions on the backs of each eye at the object of interest. The eyes are aimed by several different kinds of movement, each of which is generated by separate pools of nerve cells and pathways in the brain. We examine these different oculomotor subsystems by recording the electrical activity of single nerve cells in monkeys that are trained to make various kinds of eye movement for an applesauce reward. By correlating the discharge patterns of the nerve cells with the different kinds of movement, we have been able to begin to understand how a sensory stimulus leads to a movement response. This understanding has helped clinicians diagnose the locations of tumors or strokes that have produced specific oculomotor disorders.In pursuing this research we have gained expertise with the following procedures:measurement of movement with an electromagnetic technique;surgical techniques for a variety of chronic implants in primates;behavioral techniques for a variety of chronic implants in primates;behavioral techniques to train monkeys to make eye and head movements;design of restraint apparatus in which monkeys can perform tasks;fabrication of small electrodes by which to record nervous and muscle activity;devices to deliver small amounts of anatomical tracers or pharmacological agents to the brain of an alert animal;application of whole-body rotation in pitch and yaw to a behaving monkey;methodology to deliver various visual stimuli to a screen facing a monkey;anatomical techniques to process large brains for tracer and lesion studies;home-made computer programs (Macintosh) to determine correlations of electrical activity with various movement parameters.

Other Expertise

Academic Experience:Tau Beta Pi;Eta Kappa Nu;Phi Kappa Phi;Samuel A. Talbot Award, 1969;Fellow, Josiah Macy Foundation, 1976-1977;MERIT Award, NEI, 1989-1999Review Panels:Howard Hughes Medical Institute;NIH;NEI, 1985-1989;NINDS, episodically;NASAEditorial Boards:Investigative Opthamology and Vision Science, 1980-1982;Journal of Neurophysiology, 1980-1986;Reviews of Oculomotor Research, 1983-present

Keywords

COS Keywords:

Brain, Central Nervous System, Nervous System, Neurobiology, Vision.

Additional Terms:

Brain, Central Nervous System, Eye Movement, Motor, Nervous System, Neurobiology, Peripheral Nervous System, Sensory Vision Research.

Languages

(Reading, Writing, Speaking)

German: (Functional, Functional, Functional)

Memberships

Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society
Society for Neuroscience

Honors and Awards

1989-1999, Merit Award, National Eye Institute, Oculomotor System

Previous Positions

1974-1975, University of Washington
1972-1977, Associate Professor, University of Washington, School of Medicine
1969-1972, Assistant Professor, University of Washington, School of Medicine
1967-1968, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Frieburg
1966-1967, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Johns Hopkins University

Publications

  • Goode, CT, Maney, DL, Rubel, EW and Fuchs, AF, Visual influenceson the development and recovery of the vestibuloocular reflex in the chicken, Journal of Neurophysiology, 85, 1119-1128, 2001
  • Robinson, F R and Fuchs, A F, The role of the cerebellum in voluntary eye movements, Annual Review of Neuroscience, 24, 981-1004, 2001
  • Pong, M. and Fuchs, AF, The pupillary light reflex in the monkey: metrics, Journal of Neurophysiology, 84, 953-963, 2000
  • Pong, M. and Fuchs, A F, The pupillary light reflex in the monkey: discharge patterns of pretectal neurons, Journal of Neurophysiology, 84, 964-974, 2000
  • Shafer, J, Noto, C T and Fuchs, A F, Temporal characteristics of visual error signals driving saccadic gain adaptation in the macaque monkey, Journal of Neurophysiology, 84, 88-95, 2000
  • Watanabe S, Noto CT, and Fuchs AF, Flexibility of saccade adaptation in the monkey: different gain states for saccades in the same direction, Experimental Brain Research, 130(2), 169-76, 2000 Abstract
  • Noto CT, Watanabe S, Fuchs AF, Characteristics of simian adaptation fields produced by behavioral changes in saccade size and direction., Journal of Neurophysiology, 81(6), 2798-813, June 1999 Abstract
  • Goode, C. T., Carey, J. P., Fuchs, A. F. and Rubel. E. W, Recovery of the vestibulo-colic reflex following aminoglycoside ototoxicity in the domestic chicken, Journal of Neurophysiology, 81, 1025-1035, 1999
  • Phillips, J. O., Ling, L. and Fuchs, A. F., Behavior of the brain-stem saccade generator during horizontal gaze shifts with the head unrestrained. I. Discharge patterns of omnidirectional pause neurons (OPNs), Journal of Neurophysiology, 81, 1284-1295, 1999
  • Newlands, S. D., Ling, L., Phillips, J. O., Siebold, C., Duckert, L. and Fuchs, A. F., Short- and long-term consequences of canal plugging on gaze shifts in the rhesus monkey. I. Effects on gaze stabilization, Journal of Neurophysiology, 81, 2119-2130, 1999
  • Noto, C. T., Watanabe, S. and Fuchs, A. F., Characteristics of adaptation fields produced by behavioral changes in saccadic gain and direction, Journal of Neurophysiology, 81, 2798-2813, 1999
  • Wallman, J. and Fuchs, A. F., Saccadic gain modification: visual error drives motor adaptation, Journal of Neurophysiology, 80, 2405-2416, 1998
  • Straube A, Robinson F R, Fuchs A F, Decrease in saccadic performance after many visually guided saccadic eye movements in monkeys., Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 38(13), 2810-6, December 1997 Abstract
  • Phillips J O, Finocchio D V, Ong L, Fuchs A F, Smooth pursuit in 1- to 4-month-old human infants., Vision Research, 37(21), 3009-20, November 1997 Abstract
  • Phillips J O, Fuchs A F, Ling L, Iwamoto Y, Votaw S, Gain adaptation of eye and head movement components of simian gaze shifts., Journal of Neurophysiology, 78(5), 2817-21, November 1997 Abstract
  • Robinson F R, Straube A, Fuchs A F, Participation of caudal fastigial nucleus in smooth pursuit eye movements. II. Effects of muscimol inactivation., Journal of Neurophysiology, 78(2), 848-59, August 1997 Abstract
  • Straube A, Fuchs A F, Usher S, Robinson F R, Characteristics of saccadic gain adaptation in rhesus macaques., Journal of Neurophysiology, 77(2), 874-95, February 1997 Abstract
  • Mustari M J, Fuchs A F, Pong M, Response properties of pretectal omnidirectional pause neurons in the behaving primate., Journal of Neurophysiology, 77(1), 116-25, January 1997 Abstract
  • Carey J P, Fuchs A F, Rubel E W, Hair cell regeneration and recovery of the vestibuloocular reflex in the avian vestibular system., Journal of Neurophysiology, 76(5), 3301-12, November 1996 Abstract
  • Fuchs A F, Reiner D, Pong M, Transfer of gain changes from targeting to other types of saccade in the monkey: constraints on possible sites of saccadic gain adaptation., Journal of Neurophysiology, 76(4), 2522-35, October 1996 Abstract
  • Phillips J O, Ling I, Siebold C, Fuchs A F, Behavior of primate vestibulo-ocular reflex neurons and vestibular neurons during head-free gaze shifts., Annals of The New York Academy of Sciences, 781, 276-91, 19 Jun 1996 Abstract
  • Carey J P, Fuchs A F, Rubel E W, Hair cell regeneration and vestibulo-ocular reflex recovery., Annals of The New York Academy of Sciences, 781, 47-58, 19 Jun 1996 Abstract
  • Phillips J O, Ling L, Fuchs A F, Siebold C, Plorde J J, Rapid horizontal gaze movement in the monkey., Journal of Neurophysiology, 73(4), 1632-52, April 1995 Abstract
  • Fuchs A F, Robinson F R, Straube A, Participation of the caudal fastigial nucleus in smooth-pursuit eye movements. I. Neuronal activity., Journal of Neurophysiology, 72(6), 2714-28, December 1994 Abstract
  • Mustari M J, Fuchs A F, Kaneko C R, Robinson F R, Anatomical connections of the primate pretectal nucleus of the optic tract., Journal of Comparative Neurology, 349(1), 111-28, 1 Nov 1994 Abstract
  • Straube A, Helmchen C, Robinson F, Fuchs A, Buttner U, Saccadic dysmetria is similar in patients with a lateral medullary lesion and in monkeys with a lesion of the deep cerebellar nucleus., Journal of Vestibular Research, 4(5), 327-33, Autumn 1994 Abstract
  • Robinson F R, Phillips J O, Fuchs A F, Coordination of gaze shifts in primates: brainstem inputs to neck and extraocular motoneuron pools., Journal of Comparative Neurology, 346(1), 43-62, 1 Aug 1994 Abstract
  • Fuchs A F, Robinson F R, Straube A, Role of the caudal fastigial nucleus in saccade generation. I. Neuronal discharge pattern., Journal of Neurophysiology, 70(5), 1723-40, November 1993 Abstract
  • Robinson F R, Straube A, Fuchs A F, Role of the caudal fastigial nucleus in saccade generation. II. Effects of muscimol inactivation., Journal of Neurophysiology, 70(5), 1741-58, November 1993 Abstract
  • Fuchs A F, Mustari M J, The optokinetic response in primates and its possible neuronal substrate., Reviews of Oculomotor Research, 5, 343-69, 1993 Abstract
  • Fukushima K, Kaneko C R, Fuchs A F, The neuronal substrate of integration in the oculomotor system., Progress In Neurobiology, 39(6), 609-39, December 1992 Abstract
  • Fuchs A F, Becker W, Ling L, Langer T P, Kaneko C R, Discharge patterns of levator palpebrae superioris motoneurons during vertical lid and eye movements in the monkey., Journal of Neurophysiology, 68(1), 233-43, July 1992 Abstract
  • Scudder C A, Fuchs A F, Physiological and behavioral identification of vestibular nucleus neurons mediating the horizontal vestibuloocular reflex in trained rhesus monkeys., Journal of Neurophysiology, 68(1), 244-64, July 1992 Abstract
  • McFarland J L, Fuchs A F, Discharge patterns in nucleus prepositus hypoglossi and adjacent medial vestibular nucleus during horizontal eye movement in behaving macaques., Journal of Neurophysiology, 68(1), 319-32, July 1992 Abstract
  • Fuchs A F, Mustari M J, Robinson F R, Kaneko C R, Visual signals in the nucleus of the optic tract and their brain stem destinations., Annals of The New York Academy of Sciences, 656, 266-76, 22 May 1992 Abstract
  • Scudder C A, Fuchs A F, The error signal for modification of vestibuloocular reflex gain., Annals of The New York Academy of Sciences, 656, 884-5, 22 May 1992 Abstract
  • Phillips J O, Robinson F R, Fuchs A F, Two-dimensional eye movement and vestibular responses in primate brain stem., Annals of The New York Academy of Sciences, 656, 950-3, 22 May 1992 Abstract
  • Buttner U, Fuchs A F, Markert-Schwab G, Buckmaster P, Fastigial nucleus activity in the alert monkey during slow eye and head movements., Journal of Neurophysiology, 65(6), 1360-71, June 1991 Abstract
  • Kaneko C R, Fuchs A F, Saccadic eye movement deficits following ibotenic acid lesions of the nuclei raphe interpositus and prepositus hypoglossi in monkey., Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplement, 481, 213-5, 1991 Abstract
  • Finocchio D V, Preston K L, Fuchs A F, Infant eye movements: quantification of the vestibulo-ocular reflex and visual-vestibular interactions., Vision Research, 31(10), 1717-30, 1991 Abstract
  • Mustari M J, Fuchs A F, Discharge patterns of neurons in the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in the behaving primate., Journal of Neurophysiology, 64(1), 77-90, July 1990 Abstract
  • Finocchio D V, Preston K L, Fuchs A F, Obtaining a quantitative measure of eye movements in human infants: a method of calibrating the electrooculogram., Vision Research, 30(8), 1119-28, 1990 Abstract
  • Robinson, FR, Phillips, JO, and Fuchs, AF. Coordination of gaze shifts in primates: brainstem inputs to neck and extraocular motoneuron pools. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 346:43-62, 1994
  • Robinson, FR, Straube, A, and Fuchs, AF. Role of the caudal fastigial nucleus in saccade generation. II. Effects of muscimol inactivation. Journal of Neurophysiology. 70:1741-1758, 1993
  • Fuchs, AF, Robinson, FR, and Straube,A. Role of the caudal fastigial nucleus in saccade generation. I. Neuronal discharge patterns. Journal of Neurophysiology. 70:1723-1740, 1993
  • Scudder, CA, and Fuchs, AF. Physiological and behavioral identification of secondary neurons mediating the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex in trained rhesus monkeys. Journal of Neurophysiology. 68:244-264, 1992

Profile Details

Last Updated: 6/12/2001

COS Expertise ID #307487
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