QualificationsPh.D., Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Biochemistry, 1987. M.Sc., Ohio State University, Nutrition, 1982. Expertise and Research InterestsWe are funded by NHLBI to define the cell cycle and its regulation in pulmonary alveolar epithelial stem cells. These cells are critical in the response of the lung to toxic injury and are key determinants in the pathways to fibrogenesis and/or carcinogenesis of the lung. In 1995 we identified a protein fraction, synthesized by human or rat lung fibroblasts, which induces apoptosis of the epithelial stem cells and thus limits their proliferative capacity and accelerates fibrogenesis. We now know that thisprotein fraction consists of angiotensin peptides, which we recently showed are potent inducers of apoptosis in the alveolar epithelium. These findings are exciting because they provide an explanation for the previously observed ability of ACE inhibitorsand other antagonists of the renin/angiotensin system to attenuate experimental lung fibrogenesis, an observation which is well-supported but poorly understood. Our current renewal of HL-45136 proposes to further define the roles of the local renin/angiotensin system (RAS) in the control of apoptosis by these cells and in the pathogenesis of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. To this aim we use flow cytometry, imaging and molecular techniques to study both cultured cells and whole lung specimens derived from animal models of fibrosis (primarily rat) and from human lung biopsies obtained from normal and fibrotic patients. In general, our overall hypothesis is that abnormal expression of RAS components induces inappropriate apoptosis of key stem cell populations which otherwise repair damage and prevent collagen deposition. In recent work, we found that ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor antagonists are potent inhibitors of apoptosis in response to Fas or TNF-alpha. This action is due to blockage ofangiotensin II generation that is required for apoptosis in response to Fas or TNF receptor activation in alveolar epithelial cells. We now know that the action of angiotensin II is mediated by the receptor AT1. Other ExpertiseWe have begun related investigations of apoptosis in the heart, particularly as it relates to fibrosis and heart failure. We have found expression of FAS (APO1, CD95) in biopsies of failing human heart, and we hypothesize that FAS-induced apoptosis mediates the expansion of fibrotic foci that accompanies decompensation of myocardial function. In recent work, we found that the ACE inhibitor captopril is a potent inhibitor of apoptosis in response to Fas. We now know that this action is due to blockage of angiotensin II generation that is required for apoptosis. Inhibition of apoptosis in the myocardium may explain the known influence of AEC inhibitors on cardiac remodeling. Future ResearchFuture studies will involve the use of antisense oligonucleotides against angiotensinogen mRNA, administered to the lung in vivo, as a potential means of blocking epithelial apoptosis in response to lung injury. It is hypothesized that this treatment alsowill prevent or inhibit the fibrotic response subsequent to injury. The same tactic also will be attempted with antisense oligonucleotides against the mRNA for the AT1 receptor. Industrial RelevanceOur work suggests previously unknown therapeutic potential for ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists, i.e., the prevention of lung injury and/or lung fibrogenic reactions. We have shown that the popular antiarrythmic amiodarone also inducesapoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells, and we believe that this mechanism is part of Amiodarone-Induced Pulmonary Toxicity (AIPT). The possibility that ACE inhibitors reduce AIPT during concurrent administration with amiodarone is currently being investigated through reanalyses of clinical trial data. KeywordsCOS Keywords:Apoptosis, Cell Cycle, Flow Cytometry, Lung Cancer.Additional Terms:Alveolar Epithelium, Angiotensin, Apoptosis, Epithelial Stem Cell, Pulmonary Fibrosis.Languages(Reading, Writing, Speaking)English: (Fluent, Fluent, Fluent) Spanish: (Basic, Basic, Functional) MembershipsAmerican Heart Association American Physiological Society International Society for Analytical Cytology Honors and Awards1999-2000,
House Staff Appreciation Award,
Michael Reese Hospital,
Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago,
research mentoring
1996-2000,
RO1 HL-45136,
NIH,
Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago,
lung epithelial stem cell function in fibrosis
1996-1999,
Career Investigator Award,
American Lung Association of Metropolitan Chicago:,
Rush Medical College, Chicago
1990-1996,
PHS First Independent Research and Transition Award HL45136,
NIH,
Pennsylvania State University,
lung epithelial stem cell function
1989-1991,
Grant-In-Aid,
American Heart Association,
Pennsylvania State University,
Type II Cells In Compensatory Lung Growth
1987-1990,
National Research Service Award recipient, T32 HL07223,
NIH,
Pennsylvania State University,
lung epithelial stem cell physiology
1984-1987,
National Research Service Award recipient, T32 HL07050,
NIH,
Saint Louis University,
lung phospholipid biochemistry
1979-1980,
Departmental Scholarship,
Department of Food Science and Nutrition,
Ohio State University,
undergraduate studies
Previous Positions1997-2000, Director,
Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago, IL,
Cardiovascular Institute,
Medicine,
Research
1997-2000, Research Associate Professor,
University of Illinois at Chicago,
Medicine,
Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
1993-1996, Assistant Professor of Pharmacology,
Rush University Medical Center,
Medicine,
Pharmacology
1993-1993, Technical Advisor,
Pennsylvania State University,
Medicine, Hershey,
Medicine,
Flow Cytometry Laboratory
1990-1993, Assistant Professor,
Pennsylvania State University,
Medicine, Hershey,
Cellular and Molecular Physiology
1987-1990, Postdoctoral Fellow,
Pennsylvania State University,
Medicine, Hershey,
Cellular and Molecular Physiology
PatentsFunding Received
Publications
Profile DetailsLast Updated: 9/5/2000 COS Expertise ID #894419 Reference this profile directly: http://myprofile.cos.com/uhal Individual Expertise profile of Bruce D. Uhal, Copyright Bruce D. Uhal. © COS ExpertiseTM, 2010, ProQuest LLC All rights reserved. |