Duke University School of Medicine Internal Medicine Cardiovascular Medicine ProfessorAppointed: 1988 Duke University School of Nursing ProfessorAppointed: 2007 Duke University Duke University Medical Center Cell Biology Assistant ProfessorAppointed: 2001 Duke University Duke University Medical Center Medicine Cardiac Rehabilitation DirectorAppointed: 1994 |  |
QualificationsM.D., Duke University, 1982. A.B. (magna cum laude), Harvard University, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1977. Expertise and Research InterestsTrained and practice in cardiac rehabilitiation, exercise physiology and preventive cardiology.
Research interests include basic mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle responses to normal physiology stimuli, such as in exercise training, and abnormal responses to pathophysiology stimuli, such as occur in congestive heart failure, in chonic spaceflight and in aging.
Research program is integrative in nature and involves cell culture work, animal models and human clinical trials.
Another program has aim of identifying genetics markers and causative genes for early onset cardiovascular disease and other cardiovascular conditions, such as insulin resistance syndrome. Other ExpertiseAdministration of cardiac rehabilitation programs, fitness centers and preventive cardiology programs that focus on lifestyle management strategies. Industrial RelevanceBiotechology and tissue engineering. Genetics of cardiovascular disease. Skeletal muscle biology. KeywordsCOS Keywords:Angiogenesis, Animal Models, Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cell Biology, Clinical Trial, Exercise, Exercise Physiology, Genetics, Metabolism, Molecular Biology, Muscle Structure or Function, Pathophysiology, Signal Transduction, Tissue Engineering.Additional Terms:Angiogenesis, Cardiac Rehabilitation, Cardiovascular Genetics, Exercise Physiology, Heart Failure, Human Genetics, Insulin Resistance, Integrative Physiology, Intermediary Metabolism, Mechanotransduction, Microgravity, Molecular Biology, Muscle Atrophy, Preventive Cardiology, Sarcopenia, Signal Transduction, Skeletal Muscle Myopathies, Skeletal Muscle Physiology, Spaceflight, Tissue Engineering.Languages(Reading, Writing, Speaking)English: (Fluent, Fluent, Fluent) Italian: (Basic, Basic, Basic) MembershipsAmerican Association for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation American Association for the Advancement of Science American College of Cardiology American College of Sports Medicine American Diabetes Association American Heart Association American Physiological Society American Society for Geriatric Cardiology Heart Failure Society of America International Society for Heart Research Honors and Awards2006, Fellow,
American Heart Association (AHA)
2005, Fellow,
American College of Cardiology
2005, Fellow,
American College of Sports Medicine
1993-1998,
Established Investigator Award,
American Heart Association
1988-1993,
Clinician Scientist Award,
American Heart Association
1981, Membership,
Alpha Omega Alpha
Previous Positions2001-2006, Associate Professor,
Duke University,
School of Medicine
1996-1999, Director,
Duke University,
Center for Living
1989-2001, Assistant Professor,
Duke University,
Duke University Medical Center,
Medicine,
Cardiology
1986, Associate,
Duke University,
School of Medicine,
Cardiology
1986-1988, Research Fellow,
Duke University,
Duke University Medical Center,
Internal Medicine
1986-1988, Postgraduate Research Fellow,
Duke University,
Duke University Medical Center,
Medicine
1983-1986, Resident Physician,
Duke University,
Duke University Medical Center,
Internal Medicine
Funding Received- National Institutes of Health (NIH):
Peripheral Effects of Exercise on Cardiovascular Health,
$4,200,000,
Sep 15, 1998
to Aug 31, 2003.
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA):
Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Development and Differentiation In Vitro by Mechanical and Chemical Factors,
$500,000,
Sep 1, 1995
to Aug 31, 1999.
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA):
Differentiation and Maintenance of Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle in Simulated Microgravity.,
$600,000,
Mar 1, 1999
to Nov 30, 2002.
- Glaxo Wellcome:
Genetics of Early Onset Cardiovascular Disease,
Mar 1, 1998
to Feb 28, 2001.
- American Heart Association (AHA):
Molecular Events Promoting Phenotypic Transformation of Skeletal Muscle during Exercise Training.,
$265,000,
Jul 1, 1993
to Jun 30, 1998.
- American Heart Association (AHA):
Clinician Scientist Award,
$200,000,
Jul 1, 1988
to Jul 30, 1993.
- National Institutes of Health (NIH):
Molecular Signaling in Muscular Adaption to Exercise,
$350,000,
Jan 1, 1993
to Dec 31, 1996.
- National Institutes of Health (NIH):
Peripheral Effects of Exercise on Cardiovascular Health,
3,650,000,
2004
to 2009.
Publications- Keteyian SJ, Kraus WE (Feb 2008) Introduction: exercise in patients with chronic heart failure., Heart failure reviews, 13 (1), 1-2
 - Johnson JL, Slentz CA, Houmard JA, Samsa GP, Duscha BD, Aiken LB, McCartney JS, Tanner CJ, Kraus WE (Dec 2007) Exercise Training Amount and Intensity Effects on Metabolic Syndrome (from Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention through Defined Exercise)., The American journal of cardiology, 100 (12), 1759-66
 - Huffman KM, Orenduff MC, Samsa GP, Houmard JA, Kraus WE, Bales CW (Nov 2007) Dietary carbohydrate intake and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in at-risk women and men., American heart journal, 154 (5), 962-8
 - Mitchell RG, Duscha BD, Robbins JL, Redfern SI, Chung J, Bensimhon DR, Kraus WE, Hiatt WR, Regensteiner JG, Annex BH (Nov 2007) Increased levels of apoptosis in gastrocnemius skeletal muscle in patients with peripheral arterial disease., Vascular medicine (London, England), 12 (4), 285-90
 - Donahue MP, Kraus WE (Oct 2007) Genetic association studies; the good, the bad, and the ugly., American heart journal, 154 (4), 610-2
 - Kraus WE, Levine BD (Sep 2007) Exercise training for diabetes: the "strength" of the evidence., Annals of internal medicine, 147 (6), 423-4
 - Slentz CA, Houmard JA, Johnson JL, Bateman LA, Tanner CJ, McCartney JS, Duscha BD, Kraus WE (Aug 2007) Inactivity, exercise training and detraining, and plasma lipoproteins. STRRIDE: a randomized, controlled study of exercise intensity and amount., Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 103 (2), 432-42
 - Rhim C, Lowell DA, Reedy MC, Slentz DH, Zhang SJ, Kraus WE, Truskey GA (Jul 2007) Morphology and ultrastructure of differentiating three-dimensional mammalian skeletal muscle in a collagen gel., Muscle & nerve, 36 (1), 71-80
 - Bensimhon DR, Adams GL, Whellan DJ, Pagnanelli RA, Trimble M, Lee BA, Lee KL, Ellis SJ, Kraus WE, Rendall DS, Iskandrian AE, O'Connor CM, Borges-Neto S (Jul 2007) Effect of exercise training on ventricular function, dyssynchrony, resting myocardial perfusion, and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure: a nuclear ancillary study of Heart Failure and A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Tra, American heart journal, 154 (1), 46-53
 - Demark-Wahnefried W, Clipp EC, Lipkus IM, Lobach D, Snyder DC, Sloane R, Peterson B, Macri JM, Rock CL, McBride CM, Kraus WE (Jul 2007) Main outcomes of the FRESH START trial: a sequentially tailored, diet and exercise mailed print intervention among breast and prostate cancer survivors., Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 25 (19), 2709-18
 - Zhang SJ, Truskey GA, Kraus WE (Jun 2007) Effect of cyclic stretch on beta1D-integrin expression and activation of FAK and RhoA., American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, 292 (6), C2057-69
 - Kraus, Willam E. (2007) Cardiac Rehabilitation, First Edition, Totowa, NJ, Humana Press, 307 pages, ISBN=9781597454919
- Wang L, Hauser ER, Shah SH, Pericak-Vance MA, Haynes C, Crosslin D, Harris M, Nelson S, Hale AB, Granger CB, Haines JL, Jones CJ, Crossman D, Seo D, Gregory SG, Kraus WE, Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ, Vance JM (Apr 2007) Peakwide mapping on chromosome 3q13 identifies the kalirin gene as a novel candidate gene for coronary artery disease., American journal of human genetics, 80 (4), 650-63
 - Willis LH, Slentz CA, Houmard JA, Johnson JL, Duscha BD, Aiken LB, Kraus WE (Mar 2007) Minimal versus umbilical waist circumference measures as indicators of cardiovascular disease risk., Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 15 (3), 753-9
 - Whellan DJ, O'Connor CM, Lee KL, Keteyian SJ, Cooper LS, Ellis SJ, Leifer ES, Kraus WE, Kitzman DW, Blumenthal JA, Rendall DS, Houston-Miller N, Fleg JL, Schulman KA, Piña IL (Feb 2007) Heart failure and a controlled trial investigating outcomes of exercise training (HF-ACTION): design and rationale., American heart journal, 153 (2), 201-11
 - Slentz CA, Houmard JA, Kraus WE (Jan 2007) Modest exercise prevents the progressive disease associated with physical inactivity., Exercise and sport sciences reviews, 35 (1), 18-23
 - Kraus WE, Douglas PS (2005) Where does fitness fit in?, New England Journal of Medicine, 353, 517-519
- Hittel DS, Kraus WE, Tanner CJ, Houmard JA, Hoffman EP, Exercise Training Increases Electron and Substrate Shuttling Proteins In
Muscle of Overweight Men and Women With the Metabolic
Syndrome., Journal of Applied Physiology (bethesda, Md. : 1985), 98(1), 168-79, Jan 2005
 - Duscha BD, Slentz CA, Johnson JL, Houmard JA, Bensimhon DR, Knetzger KJ, Kraus WE (2005) Effects of exercise training amount and intensity on peak oxygen consumption in middle-age men and women at risk for cardiovsacular disease, Chest, 128, 2788-2793
- Williams RS, Kraus WE (2005) Exercise and health: can biotechnology confer slimilar benefits?, Public Library of Science Medicine, 2 (3), e68
- Slentz CA, Aiken LB, Houmard JA, Johnson JL, Tanner CJ, Bales CW, Duscha BD, Kraus WE (2005) Exercise, inactivity and visceral fat, Journal of Applied Physiology, 99, 1613-1618
- Snyder DC, Sloane R, Lobach D, Lipkus I, Clipp E, Kraus WE, Demark-Wahnefried W, Fresh Start study, Agreement Between a Brief Mailed Screener and An In-depth Telephone
Survey: Observations From the Fresh Start Study., Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 104(10), 1593-6, Oct 2004
 - Johnson JL, Slentz CA, Duscha BD, Samsa GP, McCartney JS, Houmard JA, Kraus WE, Gender and Racial Differences in Lipoprotein Subclass Distributions: The
STRRIDE Study., Atherosclerosis, 176(2), 371-7, Oct 2004
 - Hauser ER, Crossman DC, Granger CB, Haines JL, Jones CJ, Mooser V, McAdam B, Winkelmann BR, Wiseman AH, Muhlestein JB, Bartel AG, Dennis CA, Dowdy E, Estabrooks S, Eggleston K, Francis S, Roche K, Clevenger PW, Huang L, Pedersen B, Shah S, Schmidt S, Haynes C, West S, Asper D, Booze M, Sharma S, Sundseth S, Middleton L, Roses AD, Hauser MA, Vance JM, Pericak-Vance MA, Kraus WE, A Genomewide Scan for Early-onset Coronary Artery Disease in 438 Families:
the GENECARD Study., American Journal of Human Genetics, 75(3), 436-47, Sep 2004
 - Zhang JS, Kraus WE, Truskey GA, Stretch-induced Nitric Oxide Modulates Mechanical Properties of Skeletal
Muscle Cells., American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology, 287(2), C292-9, Aug 2004
 - Ard JD, Grambow SC, Liu D, Slentz CA, Kraus WE, Svetkey LP, PREMIER study, The Effect of the PREMIER Interventions on Insulin Sensitivity., Diabetes Care, 27(2), 340-7, Feb 2004
 - Norrbom J, Sundberg CJ, Ameln H, Kraus WE, Jansson E, Gustafsson T, PGC-1alpha MRNA Expression Is Influenced By Metabolic Perturbation In
Exercising Human Skeletal Muscle., Journal of Applied Physiology (bethesda, Md. : 1985), 96(1), 189-94, Jan 2004
 - Slentz CA, Duscha BD, Johnson JL, Ketchum K, Aiken LB, Samsa GP, Houmard JA, Bales CW, Kraus WE, Effects of the Amount of Exercise on Body Weight, Body Composition, And
Measures of Central Obesity: STRRIDE--a Randomized Controlled
Study., Archives of Internal Medicine, 164(1), 31-9, Jan 2004
 - Houmard JA, Tanner CJ, Slentz CA, Duscha BD, McCartney JS, Kraus WE (Jan 2004) Effect of the volume and intensity of exercise training on insulin, Journal of Applied Physiology, 96 (1), 101-6
- Cobb FR, Kraus WE, Root M, Allen JD, Assessing Risk for Coronary Heart Disease: Beyond Framingham., American Heart Journal, 146(4), 572-80, Oct 2003
 - Keteyian SJ, Duscha BD, Brawner CA, Green HJ, Marks CR, Schachat FH, Annex BH, Kraus WE, Differential Effects of Exercise Training in Men and Women With Chronic
Heart Failure., American Heart Journal, 145(5), 912-8, May 2003
 - Hittel DS, Kraus WE, Hoffman EP, Skeletal Muscle Dictates the Fibrinolytic State After Exercise Training In
Overweight Men With Characteristics of Metabolic Syndrome., The Journal of Physiology, 548(Pt 2), 401-10, Apr 2003
 - Hauser ER, Mooser V, Crossman DC, Haines JL, Jones CH, Winkelmann BR, Schmidt S, Scott WK, Roses AD, Pericak-Vance MA, Granger CB, Kraus WE, Design of the Genetics of Early Onset Cardiovascular Disease study, Design of the Genetics of Early Onset Cardiovascular Disease (GENECARD)
Study., American Heart Journal, 145(4), 602-13, Apr 2003
 - Demark-Wahnefried W, Clipp EC, McBride C, Lobach DF, Lipkus I, Peterson B, Clutter Snyder D, Sloane R, Arbanas J, Kraus WE, Design of FRESH START: a Randomized Trial of Exercise and Diet Among
Cancer Survivors., Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35(3), 415-24, Mar 2003
 - Kraus WE, Houmard JA, Duscha BD, Knetzger KJ, Wharton MB, McCartney JS, Bales CW, Henes S, Samsa GP, Otvos JD, Kulkarni KR, Slentz CA, Effects of the Amount and Intensity of Exercise on Plasma Lipoproteins., The New England Journal of Medicine, 347(19), 1483-92, Nov 2002
 - Kraus WE, Hauser ER, Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/deletion Polymorphism And
Cardiovascular Disease: Identifying the Guideposts for Navigating The
Genetics Landscape., American Heart Journal, 144(5), 747-9, Nov 2002
 - Collinsworth AM, Zhang S, Kraus WE, Truskey GA, Apparent elastic modulus and hysteresis of skeletal muscle cells
throughout differentiation, American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology, 283(4), C1219-27, October 2002
 - Hulver MW, Zheng D, Tanner CJ, Houmard JA, Kraus WE, Slentz CA, Sinha MK, Pories WJ, MacDonald KG, Dohm GL, Adiponectin is not altered with exercise training despite enhanced insulin
action, American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism, 283(4), E861-5, October 2002
 - Muoio DM, MacLean PS, Lang DB, Li S, Houmard JA, Way JM, Winegar DA, Corton JC, Dohm GL, Kraus WE, Fatty acid homeostasis and induction of lipid regulatory genes in skeletal
muscles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha
knock-out mice. Evidence for compensatory regu, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(29), 26089-97, July 2002
 - Duscha BD, Annex BH, Green HJ, Pippen AM, Kraus WE, Deconditioning fails to explain peripheral skeletal muscle alterations in
men with chronic heart failure, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 39(7), 1170-4, April 2002
 - Muoio DM, Way JM, Tanner CJ, Winegar DA, Kliewer SA, Houmard JA, Kraus WE, Dohm GL, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha regulates fatty acid
utilization in primary human skeletal muscle cells, Diabetes, 51(4), 901-9, April 2002
 - Mathur AB, Collinsworth AM, Reichert WM, Kraus WE, Truskey GA, Endothelial, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle exhibit different viscous
and elastic properties as determined by atomic force
microscopy, Journal of Biomechanics, 34(12), 1545-53, December 2001
 - Kraus WE, Torgan CE, Duscha BD, Norris J, Brown SA, Cobb FR, Bales CW, Annex BH, Samsa GP, Houmard JA, Slentz CA, Studies of a targeted risk reduction intervention through defined exercise
(STRRIDE), Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33(10), 1774-84, October 2001
 - Flack JM, Saunders E, Gradman A, Kraus WE, Lester FM, Pratt JH, Alderman M, Green S, Vargas R, Espenshade M, Ceesay P, Alexander J Jr, Goldberg A, Study Group for Losartan in African Americans with Hypertension, Antihypertensive efficacy and safety of losartan alone and in combination
with hydrochlorothiazide in adult African Americans with mild to moderate
hypertension, Clinical Therapeutics, 23(8), 1193-208, August 2001
 - Slentz DH, Truskey GA, Kraus WE, Effects of chronic exposure to simulated microgravity on skeletal muscle
cell proliferation and differentiation, In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology. Animal, 37(3), 148-56, March 2001
 - Green HJ, Duscha BD, Sullivan MJ, Kraus WE, Normal skeletal muscle Na+-K+ pump concentration in patients with chronic heart failure and different activity levels, Muscle and Nerve, 24, 69-76, 2001
- Gustaffson TE, Kraus WE, Exercise induction of angiogenesis related growth and transcription factors in skeletal muscle and their modification in muscle pathology, Frontiers in Bioscience, 6, 75-89, 2001
- Collinsworth AM, Torgan CE, Nagda SN, Rajalingam RJ, Kraus WE, Truskey GA, Orientation and Length of Mammalian Skeletal Myocytes in Response to A
Unidirectional Stretch., Cell and Tissue Research, 302(2), 243-51, Nov 2000
 - Kraus WE, Genetic Approaches for the Investigation of Genes Associated With Coronary
Heart Disease., American Heart Journal, 140(4), S27-35, Oct 2000
 - Kraus WE, Taking Heart Failure to New Heights: Its Pathophysiology At Simulated
Altitude., The American Journal of Medicine, 109(6), 504-5, Oct 2000
 - Torgan CE, Burge SS, Collinsworth AM, Truskey GA, Kraus WE, Differentiation of Mammalian Skeletal Muscle Cells Cultured On
Microcarrier Beads in a Rotating Cell Culture System., Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 38(5), 583-90, Sep 2000
 - Baar K, Torgan CE, Kraus WE, Esser K, Autocrine Phosphorylation of P70(S6k) in Response to Acute Stretch In
Myotubes., Molecular Cell Biology Research Communications : Mcbrc, 4(2), 76-80, Aug 2000
 - Green HJ, Duscha BD, Kraus WE, Keteyian SJ, Sullivan MJ, Association of Chronic Congestive Heart Failure in Humans With An
Intrinsic Upregulation in Skeletal Muscle Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium
Ion Adenosine Triphosphatase Activity., The American Journal of Cardiology, 85(12), 1498-500; A7-8, Jun 2000
 - Brown SA, Norris JN, Torgan CE, Duscha BD, Bales C, Slentz CA, Kraus WE, Effect of moderate exercise training in the absence of weight loss on cardiovascular risk factors in mildly obese subjects, Clinical Exercise Physiology, 2(1), 25-31, 2000
- Duscha BD, Kraus WE, Keteyian SJ, Sullivan MJ, Green HJ, Schachat FH, Pippen AM, Brawner CA, Blank JM, Annex BH, Capillary density of skeletal muscle: a contributing mechanism for exercise intolerance in class II-III chronic heart failure independent of other peripheral alterations, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 33(7), 1956-63, June 1999
 - Atkins BZ, Lewis CW, Kraus WE, Hutcheson KA, Glower DD, Taylor DA, Intracardiac transplantation of skeletal myoblasts yields two populations of striated cells in situ, Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 67(1), 124-9, Jan 1999
 - Taylor DA, Atkins BZ, Hungspreugs P, Jones TR, Reedy MC, Hutcheson KA, Glower DD, Kraus WE, Regenerating functional myocardium: improved performance after skeletal myoblast transplantation, Nature Medicine, 4(8), 929-33, August 1998
 - Annex BH, Torgan CE, Lin P, Taylor DA, Thompson MA, Peters KG, Kraus WE, Induction and maintenance of increased VEGF protein by chronic motor nerve stimulation in skeletal muscle, American Journal of Physiology, 274(3 Pt 2), H860-7, March 1998
 - Sullivan MJ, Duscha BD, Klitgaard H, Kraus WE, Cobb FR, Saltin B, Altered expression of myosin heavy chain in human skeletal muscle in chronic heart failure, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(7), 860-6, July 1997
 - Taylor DA, Silvestry SC, Bishop SP, Annex BH, Lilly RE, Glower DD, Kraus WE, Delivery of primary autologous skeletal myoblasts into rabbit heart by coronary infusion: a potential approach to myocardial repair, Proceedings of the Association of American Physicians, 109(3), 245-53, May 1997
 - Sullivan MJ, Cobb FR, Duscha BD, Kraus WE, Solinger M, Exercise training in heart failure: the Duke experience, Heart Failure, 13(6), 64-71, 1997
- Torgan CE, Kraus WE, Regulation of type II adenylyl cyclase mRNA in rabbit skeletal muscle by chronic motor nerve pacing, American Journal of Physiology, 271(2 Pt 1), E253-60, August 1996
 - Torgan CE, Reedy MC, Kraus WE, Isolation, growth and differentiation of adult rabbit skeletal myoblasts in vitro, Methods in Cell Science, 18, 299-307, 1996
- Kraus WE, Torgan CE, Taylor DA, Skeletal muscle adaptation to chronic low-frequency motor nerve stimulation, Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 22, 313-60, 1994
 - Taylor DA, Kraus VB, Schwarz JJ, Olson EN, Kraus WE, E1A-mediated inhibition of myogenesis correlates with a direct physical interaction of E1A12S and basic helix-loop-helix proteins, Molecular and Cellular Biology, 13(8), 4714-27, August 1993
 - Kraus WE, Longabaugh JP, Liggett SB, Electrical pacing induces adenylyl cyclase in skeletal muscle independent of the beta-adrenergic receptor, American Journal of Physiology, 263(2 Pt 1), E226-30, August 1992
 - Mitchell JH, Tate C, Raven P, Cobb FR, Kraus WE, Moreadith R, O'Toole M, Saltin B, Wenger N, Acute Response and Chronic Adaption to Exercise in Women, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 24, S258-S265, 1992
- Annex BH, Kraus WE, Dohm GL, Williams RS, Mitochondrial biogenesis in striated muscles: rapid induction of citrate synthase mRNA by nerve stimulation, American Journal of Physiology, 260(2 Pt 1), C266-70, February 1991
 - Morrow NG, Kraus WE, Moore JW, Williams RS, Swain JL, Increased expression of fibroblast growth factors in a rabbit skeletal muscle model of exercise conditioning, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 85(6), 1816-20, June 1990
 - Devlin BH, Wefald FC, Kraus WE, Bernard TS, Williams RS, Identification of a muscle-specific enhancer within the 5'-flanking region of the human myoglobin gene, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 264(23), 13896-901, August 1989
 - Kraus WE, Bernard TS, Williams RS, Interactions between sustained contractile activity and beta-adrenergic receptors in regulation of gene expression in skeletal muscles, American Journal of Physiology, 256(3 Pt 1), C506-14, March 1989
 - Kraus WE, Valenstein PN, Corey GR, Purulent pericarditis caused by Candida: report of three cases and identification of high-risk populations as an aid to early diagnosis, Reviews of Infectious Diseases, 10(1), 34-41, 1988
 - Kraus WE, Massey EW, Idiopathic facial nerve paralysis and acute myocardial infarction [letter], Annals of Internal Medicine, 105(2), 304-5, August 1986
 - McLeod AA, Kraus WE, Williams RS, Effects of beta 1-selective and nonselective beta-adrenoceptor blockade during exercise conditioning in healthy adults, American Journal of Cardiology, 53(11), 1656-61, June 1984

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